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'The Dying Language of Accounting' (wsj.com) 173

Paul Knopp, KPMG US CEO, writing in an op-ed on WSJ: According to a United Nations estimate, 230 languages went extinct between 1950 and 2010. If my profession doesn't act, the language of business -- accounting -- could vanish too. The number of students who took the exam to become certified public accountants in 2022 hit a 17-year low. From 2020 to 2022, bachelor's degrees in accounting dropped 7.8% after steady declines since 2018.

While the shortage isn't yet an issue for the country's largest firms, it's beginning to affect our economy and capital markets. In the first half of 2024, nearly 600 U.S.-listed companies reported material weaknesses related to personnel. S&P Global analysts last year warned that many municipalities were at risk of having their credit ratings downgraded or withdrawn due to delayed financial disclosures.

Our profession must remove hurdles to learning the accounting language while preserving quality. In October, KPMG became the first large accounting firm to advocate developing alternate paths to CPA licensing. We want pathways that emphasize experience, not academic credits, after college. Most people today must earn 30 credits after their bachelor's degrees -- the so-called 150-hour rule -- work under a licensed CPA for a year, and pass the CPA exam to become licensed.

Research by the Center for Audit Quality finds that the 150-hour rule is among the top reasons people don't pursue CPA licensure. A December 2023 study found that the requirement causes a 26% drop in interest among minorities. There is a consensus for change, but we can't waste time. Many state CPA societies are working on legislation to create an alternative path to licensure. State boards of accountancy should replace the extra academic requirement with more on-the-job experience. A person who is licensed in one state should be able to practice in another even if reforms create different licensing requirements.

'The Dying Language of Accounting'

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  • Raise the pay (Score:5, Insightful)

    by SirSpanksALot ( 7630868 ) on Wednesday December 11, 2024 @04:09PM (#65006285)
    Why on earth would we make the requirements easier... we don't want crappier CPA's than already are out there do we? The easiest way to raise interest in a profession is to raise the pay rate. Pay more, and more people will try to enter the profession.
    • Re:Raise the pay (Score:5, Insightful)

      by Brain-Fu ( 1274756 ) on Wednesday December 11, 2024 @04:27PM (#65006367) Homepage Journal

      Colleges want tuition money from everybody, including potential CPAs. If the licensing requirements (which happen outside of the college courses anyway) are causing discouragement and hence lower enrollment, then colleges have a direct financial incentive to want that adjusted.

      This doesn't make it a good reason, but it absolutely makes it a motivating reason.

      We have seen the exact same thing happen to computer science courses, where they have been significantly watered-down in order to cash in on the high level of interest from students. The fact that many of these students wound up totally unprepared for the working world and never got or held a job in the field is not the college's concern.

      One good way to increase interest would be to pay CPAs more. But of course, none of the powers-that-be want that!

      • One good way to increase interest would be to pay CPAs more. But of course, none of the powers-that-be want that!

        ..were at risk of having their credit ratings downgraded or withdrawn due to delayed financial disclosures.

        Wonder what kind of salary can be justified when the alternative is the corporation earning that downgraded interest rate on the new eight-figure corporate expansion loan.

      • Not sure how it works for accounting, etc. but I know the health science programs at the school I work for - radiology/nuke med techs, resp. therapy, etc - are all evaluated/judged by the board exam pass rates of their graduates (as well as job placement, etc) by their various accreditation agencies

      • We have seen the exact same thing happen to computer science courses, where they have been significantly watered-down in order to cash in on the high level of interest from students.

        Have we actually seen that?

        I've been in this business since before it got really popular (my first programming job was in 1988), and as far as I can tell the situation has always been the same: employers have always viewed most CS degrees as a good-or-maybe-required element, but have always expected that lots of fresh grads can't actually do the job. As a result, CS grads have always struggled to get that first job, because they have no track record and employers don't like to take a risk. But among the

    • Re: (Score:3, Interesting)

      by Tony Isaac ( 1301187 )

      If those requirement are actually necessary to ensure that CPAs are high quality, then sure, I agree. But to the extent that the requirements are just...stupid boxes to check, then by all means, eliminate or reduce them.

      In software engineering, it's well-known that certifications say very little about a developer's abilities and quality. I suspect that this is true in accounting as well.

    • You pay a very high premium to motivate people using an uncertain and long-delayed reward. Surgeons make $1M/year now and we still don't have enough.
    • "I'd like my accounting done by someone who has met lower standards."

      Imagine choosing our surgeons like this.

      • by pz ( 113803 )

        "I'd like my accounting done by someone who has met lower standards."

        Imagine choosing our surgeons like this.

        Or our engineers.

        Surgeons determine the outcome of your life during a specific, narrow time frame. Every time you start your car, drive over a bridge, step in a building, ride in an elevator, fly in a plane, you're putting your life in the hands of engineers. With luck, you'll never have to hope your surgeon went to Harvard Medical School, but you'd better hope the people who designed the things you entrust your life to on a daily basis went to MIT.

      • Re:Raise the pay (Score:5, Insightful)

        by narcc ( 412956 ) on Wednesday December 11, 2024 @07:37PM (#65006843) Journal

        A friend of mine is a retired surgeon. He is of the opinion that most routine surgeries don't need an MD. An 18-month trade school and an apprenticeship should be more than adequate. Not only would we get more skilled surgeons, we'd dramatically reduce costs.

        This is way outside my area, so my opinion on that doesn't matter, but I can say that some professions really do have unnecessary barriers that exist only to keep the number of qualified practitioners low and wages high.

        A skilled CPA can be worth their weight in gold, but not everyone needs a CPA. Smaller organizations can get by with an accountant or even just a bookkeeper. There is nothing wrong with this. The average small business doesn't need the best of the best; they don't have complicated needs, so anyone that's both honest and competent will be perfectly adequate.

        "I'd like my accounting done by someone who has met lower standards"

        There's nothing wrong with that, but why frame things that way? You wouldn't hire a mechanical engineer to change your spark plugs, you'd hire a mechanic. Would you really say "I'd like this work done by someone who has met lower standard" or the far more appropriate "I don't need a qualified engineer for this, so I'd like the job done by a mechanic"?

        • professions really do have unnecessary barriers that exist only to keep the number of qualified practitioners low and wages high.

          I think every profession has some barriers for that purpose and the higher paid, the more of those barriers there are. Or maybe the other way around.

        • by necro81 ( 917438 )

          A friend of mine is a retired surgeon. He is of the opinion that most routine surgeries don't need an MD. An 18-month trade school and an apprenticeship should be more than adequate. Not only would we get more skilled surgeons, we'd dramatically reduce costs.

          One of the pioneers of cardiac surgery, Vivien Thomas [wikipedia.org], was a carpenter with no formal training whatsoever.

          On the other hand, my best friend is a family physician. Her training is extensive: five years of undergrad (philosophy major, so needed an a

        • by amosh ( 109566 )

          I'll bite - how would that dramatically reduce costs? Doctors' salaries account for about 6% of America's 4.5 trillion/year healthcare spend.

    • Everyone I know who is an accountant complains about the long hours and low pay. The people I know who quite as accountants quit because of long hours and low pay.

      If they want more accountants, they should increase the pay or improve working conditions.
    • I see this comment a lot on Slashdot in recent times. "Pay them more!"

      You can't fix all problems by throwing money at them.

      Paying people more does not make them better at their work. Paying job-x more attracts people who want money, not necessarily people who are good at the job. Paying everyone more is just inflation.

    • Every single time you see somebody bitching about labor shortages it's because in industry is angling to bring an H1B's.

      This is one of the reasons we actually need real unions. Unions can cut through the bullshit and focus on direct financial benefit to their members. They can form voting blocks that can actually be effective. And they can organize people to vote in primary elections to select candidates who will actually do useful things for their members.

      It's not perfect. But it's a hell of a lot
  • Let AI handle it. Accounting isn't much more than a series of if statements and a look up table: You paid this fee. Is there a tax deduction for it? If no, go to the next line item. If yes, calculate appropriate deduction.

    Of course this would remove much of the shenanigans going on now in financial statements, but who's counting?

    • That's an interesting idea. But, I personally am not a CPA, so I have no idea what they spend most of their time actually doing in order to deliver value.

      Are you a CPA?

      • That's an interesting idea. But, I personally am not a CPA, so I have no idea what they spend most of their time actually doing in order to deliver value. Are you a CPA?

        I know one. They freak out when accounts are out of balance by a nickel and spend days investigating. Over a nickel, why? Because they fear there is not one $0.05 error, but that there are two or more errors of large amounts that coincidentally balance each other out to this small value.

        Also, they spend some time deciding if something can be accounted for this way or that way, depending on generally acceptable accounting procedures, or federal, state, or local law. Ex. That fraction of a bitcoin you spen

        • by ceoyoyo ( 59147 )

          It's similar to engineering. Hey look boss, I put the airplane together and I've got these eight extra bolts! What do you mean we need to figure out why, there are like half a million parts in this plane, so what if we're plus or minus 8?

    • Re:Easy solution (Score:4, Informative)

      by eepok ( 545733 ) on Wednesday December 11, 2024 @04:54PM (#65006451) Homepage

      Let AI handle it. Accounting isn't much more than a series of if statements and a look up table: You paid this fee. Is there a tax deduction for it? If no, go to the next line item. If yes, calculate appropriate deduction.

      Your primary experience with an accountant may be tax filing, but that's far from the full scope of an accountant's training. Literally just looking at the CPA Exam's four sections, you can see that tax is only 1/4 of the sectional focus. Every CPA has to pass all three of the following 3-4 hour exams:

      * Auditing and Attestation (AUD)
      * Financial Accounting and Reporting (FAR)
      * Regulation (REG)

      They also have to pass one of the following:

      * Business Analysis and Reporting (BAR)
      * Information Systems and Controls (ISC)
      * Tax Compliance and Planning (TCP) --- Potentially just one of the exams.

      Accounting isn't just filing taxes or auditing. It's making sure financial transactions and planning is orderly, predictable, and auditable. When it's not sufficiently orderly, it's going back and cleaning everything up which can mean reading 100 different types of invoices in various file formats.

      This isn't something AI can do yet. It is so complex and nuanced that no AI developer will be willing to allow its AI to be responsible for just how important accounting is.

      • by pz ( 113803 )

        This isn't something AI can do yet. It is so complex and nuanced that no AI developer will be willing to allow its AI to be responsible for just how important accounting is.

        AI can already read x-rays better than humans to identify tumours and pre-tumorous lesions. You're telling me that accounting is harder than that? More important than the life-critical evaluation of whether someone has a fatal cancer or just a cyst?

        Allow me to guffaw loudly.

        • by ceoyoyo ( 59147 )

          Your method for ranking the difficulty of problems doesn't produce very good results.

          You can train pigeons to identify cancer on histology images. Things like that are well-defined problems and perfect performance is not expected.

          The routine bits of accounting (the "adding") are already done using conventional software. The hard bits are nagging people to report the information to put into that software, troubleshooting when things go wrong, and addressing ambiguous and unexpected sitations.

    • Except that accounting is supposed to be accurate. Accuracy is anathema to AI.

      • by jvkjvk ( 102057 )

        Right, you use the AI to create the Business Intelligence that is specifically created to handle every situation in the accounting world that is covered in your rules.

        It starts from nothing. Ingests all the accounting rulebase and documents. Go to town.

        Then you use the AI to create the bridges between departments to autopull the required data, instead of having to request it.

        You could be down to one accountant who handles vetting the BI output, and one AI Engineer responsible for all the BI apps out there.

        • You're assuming it will work. LLM based stuff is not there yet. It's mostly right, by accident, but not because of any logic being used. It's mostly right due to selecting desired outputs that its training thinks are good, but is unable to check that the answers are correct. So those annual Sarbanes-Oxley reports will still require a team of accountants merely to double check. Just like people using AI to code will need a lot of coders just to double check (possibly more coders than were laid off due t

    • by narcc ( 412956 )

      Let AI handle it. Accounting isn't much more than a series of if statements and a look up table: You paid this fee. Is there a tax deduction for it? If no, go to the next line item. If yes, calculate appropriate deduction.

      You'd want to use traditional algorithms for things like this, not AI.

      Of course this would remove much of the shenanigans going on now in financial statements

      I wouldn't bet on it.

  • So we should drop the standards to let more in? That's what's happened in many science fields today. There are a lot more scientists working today, who aren't really very good and the literature shows it. Lots more garbage to wade through to get to the good stuff. Like somebody said: Keep the requirements and raise the pay. Problem solved.
  • by know-nothing cunt ( 6546228 ) on Wednesday December 11, 2024 @04:29PM (#65006377)

    And I have no taste for accounting.

  • The 150 hours of classes seems peanuts compared to the year of indentured servitude they call apprenticeship.

  • No surprise there (Score:4, Interesting)

    by glatiak ( 617813 ) on Wednesday December 11, 2024 @04:43PM (#65006421)

    Th e accounting courses I took in university helped me manage my small consulting practice and stay on top of the pros who were doing my business taxes. But in a world where the likely answer to the hiring question 'what is one plus one' is 'what would you like it to be', the profession is yet another endangered species. In the court of the red queen a sane person will soon go mad.

  • Companies hate accountants who follow the law. Witness the neverending stories of broke companies that traded insolvent for years, or decades, claiming to be profitable.
  • by Tony Isaac ( 1301187 ) on Wednesday December 11, 2024 @05:07PM (#65006479) Homepage

    The language of CPAs might be obscure and hard to follow. But it's nothing compared to the language of law. That language is even more destructive and useless, serving only to keep lawyers employed at ridiculously high pay rates. Lawyers claim that by spelling everything out in technical terms, that they are protecting their clients. Actually, it does not such thing, all the fancy language does nothing to prevent another creative lawyer from finding a loophole to drive a Mac truck through.

    • I'm a tax lawyer who spends most of my work life with accounting (and though I'm not a formally trained accounting, I've picked up quite a bit of it through the years).

      Believe it or not, the primary goal of legal language is clarity and consistency. When you read a sentence that determines the tax treatment of a complex financial arrangement, the idea is that any trained person should be able to understand it on a consistent basis. The problem with trying to put it in "layman's terms" is that avoiding terms

      • Believe it or not, the primary goal of legal language is clarity and consistency.

        You're right, I don't believe it. Here's why.

        Clarity is never achieved through long-winded documents. Our Constitution is clear not because it's long, but because it's short. The Bill of Rights is clear not because it's long, but because it's short. Now I'm sure you'll counter that the Constitution and the Bill of Rights leave lots of room for ambiguity because of their brevity, and this is true. But ambiguity isn't solved through many words. If many words were able to remove ambiguity, why then do lawyers

  • This not an issue, this is market forces.

    The world needs good accountants. Public companies cannot survive without good accountants. However becoming an accountant is not seen as attractive as a career, particularly for the up and coming generation. That's not a bad thing, it means we had too many.

    However, as fewer accountants drop out, the demand for the remaining will go up significantly. well skilled accountants, familiar with complex tax codes and GAAP principles and audits will charge a pre

  • then doing our taxes. The only reason our taxes are at all difficult is because of the government making them that convoluted. If the tax code wasn't full of so many loop holes for special interesting, it would be painless to do taxes.

    If you simplify the tax code, the amount of CPAs required would drop dramatically.

  • My uncle was an accountant for KPMG for a long time at the end of his career. The year before his retirement plan fully vested they laid him off, along with most everyone else who wasn't client-facing and was one year away from vesting, and hired a bunch of fresh grads to replace them. They did it in some sneaky way so that suing them would have been a nightmare.
    They brought this whole mess upon themselves, by using bean-counter tactics on their bean-counters; no one is ever going to tell kids to get into a

  • Especially white collar, licensed professional shortages.

    Lawyers regularly charge 400/hr.

    Physicians *start* in the low-mid six figures out of residency in saturated markets like Boston and can get high six figure starting salaries in ruralish places out west where there are "shortages"

    If CPAs really get scarce, soon enough people will be going into accounting for the money, the way many people go into law, medicine, or blue-collar stuff like mining, oil-and-gas, and plumbing for the money.

  • There was a glut of accountants in the 1980s, so they raised the education requirements by 30 hours in 1988 -- problem solved. Now all they have to do is admit all of their stated reasons for raising the education requirements such as "to improve accountants' ability to function in an increasingly complex modern economy" were absolute bullshit and change the number back to 120.

    It scares me a little that a person who is supposed to be good with numbers didn't state this obvious solution. They do not nee
  • by guacamole ( 24270 ) on Wednesday December 11, 2024 @10:22PM (#65007089)

    There used to be old days when the compute power was very expensive forcing sysadmins at our computing center to run the unix process accounting. At the end of each month, we processed all accounting logs and sent the bills to each department based on CPU hour time used. However, our servers got much faster now, and we have finally retired the last of our Sparcstation 10s. We stopped running unix process accounting and fired all accountants.

    • I don't think you will find any public company that simply "fired all the accountants." There are a lot of accounting tasks that cannot be performed automatically.

      AI does have a lot of potential in accounting, but pure LLMs can't do it because someone needs to check their accuracy, and checking properly can often take as long as doing it yourself. There is also a lack of training data. Companies are not willing to give AI access to their ERP systems because they cannot ensure the security of their data. But

  • I always thought of SQL as the language of accounting.

    That said, accounting will come back into vogue soon enough. Many people are recognizing that jobs in finance are the ones with the best chances of retirement going forward. I have a PhD that is heavily into a STEM discipline and I'm currently on track to retire at approximately the youthful age of 137 - and I got all that way with zero student loans. I fear for what will happen to other STEM hopefuls when they realize they are signing away their
  • ...start paying more?
  • If we don't have enough accountants, salaries will go up, more people will get accounting degrees. I can't tell you how many people I know who are accountants because they didn't know what else to do.
  • The biggest problem with the accounting profession in terms of attracting bright young graduates is that the profession pays poorly compared to other fields of study that require similar levels of intelligence and effort. The Big 4 often pay less than 1/2 of what an investment bank, major consulting firm, or big tech might pay. But they require the same demanding hours. So if you are a promising young student who can do any of those, what is the argument for choosing accounting?

    Dumbing down standards may ge

  • Schools learned by requiring a masters they could get one more year of tuition. IIRC, a 4 year degree used to be enough to sit for the exams but that changed in the late 80’s.
  • Seems the solution we have to everything now. Don't raise entry-level pay for a job. Lower the bar to entry so you get worse candidates in the door, then you can continue to lower the pay level because, "These people are terrible at their job." God damn, I love the smell of capitalism burning in its own rot. Especially funny when it comes to the accounting crowd.

  • People keep complaining that the trades are neglected, and now apparently accounting, because young people choose not to enter them. There's a reason. For many professions the only way "in" is through apprenticeships, where you are essentially abused by a senior person while you learn the business and earn your credentials, whatever they happen to be. The only way in is via people who are capable of acting as gate-keepers, preventing you from entering the field if you don't dance to their tune. Accounting (

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