I have a few fixes to suggest, though they don't involve any "going back" to the bad old days. Rather, moving forward by applying our more culturally enlightened values more fully.
For starters, the laws and norms around marriage need to be updated. A lot remains that was cooked up back when "women were property" as you mentioned. Now that marriage is truly a union of equals, it needs to legally fit such equality. And, in particular, it needs to be a much safer thing to do than it is now, financially.
As it stands, getting married introduces serious financial risks including being financially responsible for children produced by infidelity, having most of your retirement savings and your house taken from you when your spouse leaves you (even if you did nothing wrong), and possibly spending the rest of your life as an indentured servant to your ex. Such risks are unconscionable, especially given the very high divorce rate and the fact that prenups can simply be discarded by a judge. If we want marriage (and consequently birth) rates to go up, we have to fix this.
My "move forward" proposal is to have a "modern marriage" that does not include the joint property ownership at all. Both members of the marriage are "on the hook" for their own financial well-being. Neither member should "give up their career" for the marriage, as that would be terribly irresponsible. And both parties should fully understand this before going in. They maintain separate accounts, separate investments, separate property, etc. They do not file joint in their taxes. But they do live together so they can share expenses however they see fit, make medical decisions for each other if emergencies come up, and of course raise children together with equal guardianship rights. Should they split up, each just walks away with whatever they have earned, and they default at 50/50 custody of the children.
I don't know that we should eliminate the option for a traditional marriage, we just need to have this kind of marriage as a viable option with no legal tricks whereby it can be legally treated as a traditional marriage when it hits divorce courts. More people would be willing to get married if it was safe like this.
I have typed a lot. Maybe I will just throw out some other ideas without much explanation or justification. Like, our education system needs to be repaired (no more student loans for un-employable degrees, and elimination of this practice of teachers grading their own students (aptitude assessments should be done by a separate body with no financial incentives to grade inflate). The medical industry needs repair (insurers require discounted rates from hospitals, and hospitals cannot charge insurance more than patients, so hospitals jack the prices way up for everybody, forcing uninsured (and some insured) people into medical bankruptcy. This is obviously stupid though I don't have a specific fix ready to suggest). MUCH better enforcement of our anti-trust laws (we really need to break up more cartels, especially the grocery cartel) and government-assisted removal of barriers-to-entry in mature markets (like, we need more telco providers, more internet providers, etc.).
I am done for now. But there is a lot we could improve. We just choose not to, for bad reasons.