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Submission + - Babies use fairness and race to choose playmate (washington.edu)

An anonymous reader writes: A couple of years ago a University of Washington researcher who studies how children develop social behaviors like kindness and generosity noticed something odd. The 15-month-old infants in her experiments seemed to be playing favorites among the researchers on her team, being more inclined to share toys or play with some researchers than others.

“It’s not like one experimenter was nicer or friendlier to the babies – we control for factors like that,” said Jessica Sommerville, a UW associate professor of psychology. She took a closer look at the data and realized that the babies were more likely to help researchers who shared the same ethnicity, a phenomenon known as in-group bias, or favoring people who have the same characteristics as oneself.

She designed an experiment to study this. The findings, published in the online journal Frontiers in Psychology, show that 15-month-old babies value a person’s fairness – whether or not an experimenter equally distributes toys – unless babies see that the experimenter unevenly distributed toys in a way that benefits a person of the same race as the infant.

Comment Re:There isn't enough rubles in Moscow (Score 1) 313

They don't need a Saturn 5 equivalent for a moon base, and in fact it would probably be counterproductive to build one for that mission. Multiple smaller launches should be staged and assembled in LEO, then boosted onto the Lunar trajectory. That was actually one of the configurations contemplated for the Apollo missions, but was rejected early on because the docking techniques had not yet been developed. If the "end of the decade" deadline had not been looming NASA would probably have gone that route and ended up with a much better mission profile.

Comment Re:There isn't enough rubles in Moscow (Score 1) 313

Actually they're sold the cheap stuff by contractors, since by and large they don't have the real-world experience to know the difference.

Of course you could always go the "large company CEO's office" route, which frequently is a steel-cored door weighing several hundred pounds, coupled with Kevlar between the drywall and the wall studs.

Comment Re:Stop calling it 'blood moon'! (Score 1) 146

I suspect the reason that this one is getting so much publicity (it's not an uncommon event) is because there are several moderately popular books out about supposed biblical prophecies with that title. There's also a detective novel, a vampire novel and a werewolf novel with that name, and some others. Something about the name drew a lot of attention on Farcebook too.

Comment Wrong metric (Score 1) 588

Actually she has mentioned some vaccine method that were safe.

There is NO vaccine that is 100% safe. There is no drug that is 100% safe. Does not exist and probably never will.

Poeple against her have come out and said those vaccine distribution methods were safer however they cost most and would make distribution harder.

When you make distribution harder (whether due to cost or technical complications) you make it less likely to be administered and thus you get worse results overall. The best vaccine is the one that prevents the greatest number of infections, not the one that has the fewest side effects.

Comment Re:fixing the parent posting (Score 1) 311

I'd put a random distribution of holes in his worthless head!

I believe you mean psuedorandom. (*bang*)

Would they get the same distribution with the same initial conditions? No, of course the wouldn't because quantum uncertainty underlays the interactions between component particles of the experiment. So it's a nondeterministic random distribution, not a pseudorandom distribution.

Comment Re:This is an ancient one... (Score 1) 588

Minor pedantic quibble: some vaccines are unsafe for a very small subset of the population, mainly people with compromised immune systems or severe allergies to components of the vaccines

Minor pedantic quibble: ALL vaccines are unsafe for some subset of the population. No drug is 100% safe for all people.

Comment Herd immunity and opportunity cost (Score 1) 588

They knocked over a single pin and said that that was representative of any potential link with autism. They then went on to throw balls to represent all the different diseases that vaccines protect against. But the "cost" of all vaccines was only counted once. The "benefit" of vaccine protection was counted dozens of times.

It's an imperfect analogy but they are generally right. They are talking about two things. One is herd immunity. When you are vaccinated you not only cannot get the disease but you cannot transmit it to others either. This means you aren't just protecting yourself once, you are protecting others repeatedly. The other thing they are talking about is the fact that you probably aren't exposed to each virus just once. Odds are good you'll come in contact with a widely spread virus from multiple sources. So by immunizing once you are protected repeatedly. The cost of each vaccine (collectively) is a one time expense but the benefit of it is incurred repeatedly down the line.

It is FAR more economically efficient to vaccinate and prevent infection altogether than to treat infection after they occur. Not only do you save on medical expenses and reduce suffering but you also recoup a lot of opportunity cost from productivity that otherwise would have been lost.

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