I did get a degree, I do know what university is, and how it works.
Some kinds of college classes do require "homework." I took college level music classes, for example, which required 15 hours or so per week of practice. If I didn't do my practice, the results were evident at my next meeting with my instructor.
For a different type of work, like, say, a research project. Sure, a student could get AI to do the project. But then a meeting with the professor or GA, or a presentation to the class, or written answers to questions done during class time, would quickly expose that the student did not in fact do the work. It would take some effort to design the evaluation, depending on the specifics, but it's not impossible to know whether the student did the work.
But many college classes assign homework just because the professor or school thinks homework should be given. Take College Algebra. The purpose of homework should be practice. Grading of the homework shouldn't be necessary. If the student can learn the subject well enough to pass a test without practice, why not! I actually did this, I tested out of College Algebra; by taking a single proctored test, I got credit for College Algebra, without doing the work. Nobody graded my homework, because I didn't do any homework.
Even at the college level, the purpose of homework needs to be re-thought.