The justification was that there were only one set of airwaves - limited resource.
Not quite.
It's because the airwaves are a federally controlled resource- by a long chain of law reaching back to common law, which essentially says, "nothing above your home is owned by you"
Any random limited resource is not subject to such regulation.
You think I might be able to justify it based on there being one telecommunications system with limited transit points from place to place?
Absolutely not.
That's absurd.
Those transit points are privately owned, running over privately owned lines, with non-federal easements or ownerships.
I think i'd have a winner of a case there, as the USG.
No, you most certainly would not. The US Government cannot just nationalize whatever resource they like.
The government only has not regulated the internet because it was convinced that it wouldn't spread globally if the USG controlled it.
This is entirely fictional. There is no grounding of this viewpoint in reality, because the US Government never could, and never did control "The Internet"
I think that argument is put to bed.
I certainly hope so, since it's not real.
The USG did not ever control the internet.
They controlled their nodes of the big network that became the internet. Then they decided to share the DARPA IP protocol suite with non-government entities.
Once the first private AS (Autonomous System as they're called in network peering parlance) came online, the internet was born, and it was born free. They were no longer in control, and they had no way to be.
The portions of "The Internet" under US private or public control are not fundamental parts of it. There is no central control to the transmission of IP packets, period. It's 100% ad-hoc between private entities using BGP, with hundreds of thousands of peer-to-peer route exchanges. I know because I operate one of them.
IANA was established because it was useful to have it. There is nothing that requires following it.
Non-IANA-allocated addresses float around the internet routing tables all the time (we call them bogons and martians), and non-IANA-controlled DNS protocols exist (though not with wide adoption)
The reason everyone accepts control of certain internet resources by US entities, is because it's useful to have a central control of those resources. That doesn't mean it's required, and anyone, at any time, can "fork" the internet- if they can get other people to go along with them. You don't have to ask IANA for permission to announce a prefix. You just have to convince your peers to accept it and route that traffic to you.
You don't have to ask IANA permission to use a particular name- you just need to convince other people to trust your DNS server.