
Reuters On Telephone Cultures 508
mamladm writes "Reuters has an interesting article about the Differences in Telephone Cultures between the US and Europe.
It describes how the different regulatory frameworks have created distinct cultures on how telephones are being used in the US versus Europe. The article mainly discusses mobile phone usage, though."
Printer friendly. one page version... (Score:4, Informative)
And the telcos had to learn it ... (Score:4, Interesting)
CC.
Aha (Score:5, Interesting)
I just recently started seeing commercials for ringtones on American TV, while it seems like 90% of European TV commercials have been for annoying ringtones for years now! I find it funny that on the American versions of the "Jamster" (Jamba in Germany) adverts they have to have a short blurb explaining what an SMS is.
Re:Aha (Score:2, Interesting)
Re:Aha (Score:3, Interesting)
The lack of knowledge of what SMS is can partially be blamed on the cell phone companies--none of them call SMS SMS, they call them text messages. It is less confusing for the masses I guess. People don't send you an SMS, they text you.
It's worse for MMS since Multi-Media Message or even Picture Message (Picture Message is what most of the providers that offer MMS call it) takes way more time to type on a cell phone than MMS...
Re:Aha (Score:2, Informative)
Re:Aha (Score:2, Funny)
(goddamn, did i just defend america... i must be sick...)
Re:Aha (Score:5, Informative)
I suggest you read the article.
SMS has never caught in the US because it costs less to actually talk on your phone in the US than in Europe.
From the article
--Americans traditionally have paid to receive mobile phone calls and tend to be less free about giving out cell phone numbers.
--American mobile subscribers get an allotment of minutes for a monthly fee and competition led to packages offering free nationwide calls nights and weekends.
--Europeans buy more limited packages -- especially geographically. Despite investigations by the European Commission mobile phone companies in Europe charge as much as one euro per minute to send or receive calls abroad.
Yea you may get to talk to anyone in your country but the countries are smaller than many states in the US.
The article also goes on to talk about how much more profitable cell service is in Europe than in the US. Seems like bean counters to me.
The Bottom line is in the US you get few "features" and less total coverage of the total country. One the plus you get a lot more geographical area as local and it costs much less per call to make actual calls. SMS is popular in the EU because it is CHEAPER then making a call. In the US SMS is not popular because it is MORE EXPENSIVE than making a voice call. Ring tones? Gee let me pay so I can have a song instead of a ring on my phone? This is a great leap forward? It seems to me that the EU customers are paying a lot more for phone service than the US customers are.
Sure they have a bunch of added features "ohh... Ring Tones". But to actually make a call costs a lot more.
Re:Aha (Score:3, Informative)
Unfortunately the article is grossly oversimplifying the situation (to the point of being wrong).
It's true that SMS was once cheaper than calls for many purposes, and this may have been instrumental in the rapid takeup of SMS. But SMS costs have gone up a lot, and it's not really cheaper any more - I think an SMS costs me
Of course! Different costs (Score:5, Insightful)
Old habits will die hard. I think Europeans will continue to use the phone for messages rather than as a surrogate for being there.
Re:Of course! Different costs (Score:2)
Re:Of course! Different costs (Score:4, Informative)
Re:Of course! Different costs (Score:3, Informative)
I'm just waiting for these "free to our customers" plans to get wide enough that its' economical for the marketers to have a set of Sprint/Nextel/US Cellular/etc phones so they can call those numbers, too....
Re:Of course! Different costs (Score:2)
Re:Of course! Different costs -- sender pays (Score:2)
Re:Of course! Different costs (Score:3, Insightful)
Also, adding on a special billing infrastructure for sender-pays, even for local calls, would have been a hard sale when the cellphones were first being produced. Since local calls are free in the US. Making it cost the caller
Re: (Score:3, Interesting)
Enough Cell Phones!!!! (Score:2, Interesting)
Just my ex-Greenpeace side kicking through though.
Re:Enough Cell Phones!!!! (Score:5, Insightful)
Digging and closing holes to fit many many miles of telephone wire will lead to a fair amount of fuel being used. Also, the copper wires have to be produced which is quite energy intensive too.
I have no idea on the total energy and monetery requirement to operate a mobile vs a land-based service, but I do have a gut feeling that the mobile service will be cheaper to construct in both aspects.
Of course, there is quite a lot of pre-existing landline infrastructure, but that will have to be replaced some day, and new infrastructure is also required when new areas are built up. If you'd have to start from scratch, the mobile solution seems cheaper and faster to construct... many emerging nations even skip most of the landline phase.
Re:Enough Cell Phones!!!! (Score:5, Insightful)
That's my gut feeling as well. Which is why I wonder why GSM calls are (still) an order of magnitude more expensive than POTS calls?
Just like CDs never became cheaper than LPs when the technology matured. And where's my damn flying car?
Bah... (Score:5, Funny)
Besides, energy consumption shouldn't be nearly as great a concern as the process by which that energy has been generated.
True, but... (Score:3, Funny)
I, on the other hand, prefer to use my mobile phone only while sitting in a bird-sanctuary, on a weathered rock, warmed by the sun's rays.
True, but if you are one of those gits who needs to SHOUT into the mobile you will have very few friends in the bird sanctuary.
Re:Bah... (Score:3, Interesting)
For example, an efficient car that runs entirely on fossil fuels versus an innefficient car that runs entirely on solar power. Of course, at that point, one's interpretation of efficiency would be relative.
Re:Enough Cell Phones!!!! (Score:5, Funny)
Re:Enough Cell Phones!!!! (Score:3, Insightful)
If a cellphone saves a trip to somewhere - say back to the store to get a forgotton item - then energy is quite clearly saved.
Mobile communications are critical in reducing the amount of energy consumed per GDP. FedEx, Construction workers, Employees in large factories - all use mobiles to be more effecient - which inevitably saves energy.
Your Greenpeace instincts are right - your data is wrong.
AIK
Re:Is that just during the call? (Score:2)
And what proportion of landlines are now cordless?
Useless Features (Score:5, Funny)
Re:Useless Features (Score:3, Funny)
Heh heh.
I'm still waiting to see the Swiss Army Phone: complete with dual blades, toothpicks, corkscrew, drill, nail file, USB key, etc. You know, all the stuff that'll keep the f*cking thing from getting on a plane.
Re:Useless Features (Score:4, Interesting)
I'd like my phone to appear on my desktop the way an external hard drive or other mass-storage device does whenever I get into proximity with my computer. I'd like to be able to drag files to it to copy them to the phone over Bluetooth. I'd like text messages in the phone's memory to show up as notes on the phone's interface so I can more conveniently do things like storing driving directions. It's possible to store memos on the phone now, of course, but it requires a program and it's a pain in the rear.
And I'd like it to have a gigabyte of memory instead of 2 MB or whatever.
I'd happily trade the games, the camera, the little Internet browser thingy and the ass-ugly interface "themes" for features like those.
Re:Useless Features (Score:3, Interesting)
My Siemens S55 does this. The entire filesystem (texts, pictures, contacts, java apps, settings, ringtones...) is browseable over bluetooth, serial or USB and you can drag & drop. Some Siemens phones have an SD/MMC slot, so you can stick a gig in if you like. You do need software on the host PC though (unless you use BT and OBEX, but that's not qui
Well, Duh (Score:5, Insightful)
Wow, more EU residents have cells than US residents do. With the differences they're citing, it's no wonder, seeing as America generally has a better POTS than Europe. In the US, it costs just a little bit of money to have unlimited local and incoming calls on a land-line, plus it never has an error, ever, of any sort. So, it's not much of a surprise that the US has slightly lower cell uptake.
Re:Well, Duh (Score:3, Insightful)
Re:Well, Duh (Score:2)
If you had problems using 10 digit dialing, I severely worry about you.
Placing a long distance call in the US is difficult? 1, plus the area code, plus the exchange, plus the number. Hell, many of us use 10 digit dialing for local calls as well. What's wrong in your brain that placing a long-distance call in the US is difficult?
Re:Well, Duh (Score:2)
In every other country of the world you just put your coins/your credit card/your prepaid card/whatever you use into the machine and dial a number.
Re:Well, Duh (Score:3, Insightful)
If you're using a prepaid card, you call the 800 number for that card, dial your code, and then the number. Credit card? Dial 0 (operator), or the number of a LD company you want to use, and tell
Re:Well, Duh (Score:5, Interesting)
(The six-out-of-ten figure the article quotes must count grammar-school kids, the elderly, criminals in prison and dead people. Because seriously, everybody between the ages of 13 and 60 has a mobile phone.)
Re:Well, Duh (Score:2)
I suspect the quality varies largely with which Baby Bell's kingtom you're in but in my area (I get service through BellSouth)the land line quality is superb, even way out in the country.
Re:Well, Duh (Score:5, Insightful)
Land lines in the US are overwhelmingly crystal clear, regardless of when and where you call from. In almost all cases, bad quality is on the phone, not the phone line. I have no idea what the percentages are, but I think almost everyone has gone cordless these days and that's where you here cracks and pops, faded connections, and interference. It has nothing to do with the actual land line, at least not in 99.9999% of cases.
And I also agree with the other posts to this thread, calling in the US is about as easy as it gets. It's the same no matter where you are. The only difference lies in whether you need 10 digit dialing to make a local call. But you ought to be able to approach any phone, any where and use it just like the last phone you used.
jeff
Re:Well, Duh (Score:5, Insightful)
But what really drove me mad was this whole thing another poster described above "Welcome to *insert whichever long distance operator*. Please enter your major credit card or calling card number." *fighting with entering the card number* *wait* Depending on the operator: "The card number you gave is not valid. Thank you for playing." (back then either Sprint or MCI didn't take non-US credit card numbers, but amazingly not everytime but apparently depending on the geographic region you were in inside the US). So retry, this time trying to reach some other long distance operator using some prefix number, playing again the CC number game, getting thrown out of the system in the middle of the process for no apparent reason, lather rinse repeat. I really liked my stay in the US, but the telephone system really drove me mad.
From phoning home in several European countries I was used to either just put in a half truckload of coins and phone away or getting a calling card that works troughout the whole country and not only for phones of a certain provider, dial my home number with the respective country prefix, and voila ! instant success.
As said before, most likely it got better in the meantime, but back then it really really sucked.
Re:Well, Duh (Score:2)
Well, that's the difference, isn't it. (Score:4, Insightful)
"...The article mainly discusses mobile phone usage, though."
Well, that's the thing, then, isn't it? In the US, dirt is pretty cheap and plentiful, so land lines and wires that require poles to by strung up everywhere have predominated where the relative scarcity of space in European and Japanese cities has forced a much higher adoption rate for mobile technologies.
Tell me if I'm wrong, eh?
Re:Well, that's the difference, isn't it. (Score:3, Insightful)
You're wrong. The relative non-existence of cell-phones when land-lines in the US were being laid resulted in l
Re:Well, that's the difference, isn't it. (Score:3, Insightful)
No, he isn't; the high installation and service costs of wired infrastructure drove analog cellular network adoption in Europe and Japan in the 1980s, and network congestion drove the switch to digital cellular networks in the 1990s. I was there; apparently, you weren't.
So, Europ
Re:Well, that's the difference, isn't it. (Score:2)
Pita if you ask me, because if you want to dig somewhere to build a house for instance you have ti check if there are no cables running in the spot your going to dig at.
However, it does keep the landscape nice and without too much poles and cables
My view... (Score:5, Informative)
I'm a born and bred American, lived there until I was 20. I've lived in Germany for the last three and a half years. I've made some trips back to the states, a few months here and there.
In the US, for us common rabble, it's "Do you have a cellphone?" Whereas, in Europe, it's "What's your number?" Most people assume that if you're giving them a telephone number, it's your cell phone number. And they will not ask you if you are capable of receiving SMS, they will assume that you are. It is more common in Europe for someone to have a cell and no landline than it is for someone to have a landline and no cell.
Re:My view... (Score:2)
Re:My view... (Score:3, Informative)
http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/ge
Telephones - mobile cellular - 12.5 million
Telephones - main lines in use: - 10.004 million
Re:My view... (Score:2)
This goes only for younger people. Most of the elder do not use a cell phone (or gsm as it's called here) indoors. They only use it when they have to leave the house or to call someone on a another gsm (since it's cheaper to call a gsm from another gsm then from a landline to gsm).
For most younger people a gsm is more convenient and used like a normal landline phone. Most of this i
This is certainly not news (Score:2)
I'm 25. When I was 15, in high school, there were already a significant number of kids in my class with cell phones. Sure, the rest of us were talking behind their backs about how silly they were to spend so much money on something so useless, but that's 10 years ago.
Nowadays I doubt the number of kids in that particular high school (age 13+)
In soviet union, phone answers you (Score:2)
But when the dust WILL finally settle, who will be further along?
I mean look at how Minitel delayed Internet acceptance in parts of europe. An old, entrenched "standard"
Minitel is primitive.
Re:In soviet union, phone answers you (Score:2)
The real reasons for the differences ... (Score:2, Insightful)
Re:The real reasons for the differences ... (Score:3, Insightful)
This is complete and utter bullshit. I dare you to back it up.
in the long run I believe the US approach is better
Yeah? Well I believe the opposite, so there!Gee, this is a fun and constructive way of arguing, isn't it?
Standardization has short term advantages, but in the long term it is more important to promote technological development.
You make it sound like there is some kind of mutual exclu
Re:The real reasons for the differences ... (Score:3, Insightful)
About 20 years ago the country with the most phone (land) lines per 1000 inhabitants was Norway (about 650 then), followed by Finland and Sweden. The U.S. was quite far behind. Regions like the former communist East Germany were at 92 phone lines per 1000 inhabitants, about the same as Uruguay, and the waiting lists to finally get a phone were long. It was easier to inherit a land line from someone than to apply for and get a new one. Most of the limits were put there with the old telepho
But will europe stay ahead? (Score:3, Interesting)
Let's just hope they've learned something for the next time round: tax them _after_ the money is made, don't cripple things by charging it all upfront, while everyone else catches up.
Differences in phone culture (Score:5, Funny)
Re:Differences in phone culture (Score:5, Funny)
No news here... (Score:5, Insightful)
Lousy article (Score:5, Interesting)
This has absolutly nothing to do with GSM versus other networks but with network coverages.
Americans have made voicemail a way of life, where it often replaces the busy signal. A conversation can be supplanted by voice mail exchanges. Europeans often skip voicemail, although they have sophisticated versions. Their mobiles automatically send a note saying "1 missed call," and tell them who called. People call back even without a message.
Funny, I've had a cell phone in the US going back to 1997 and this feature was on the first one I owned with AT&T. It was also on the second and third one I owned with Sprint, and the fourth one I owned with T-Mobile.
--Americans traditionally have paid to receive mobile phone calls and tend to be less free about giving out cell phone numbers.
This has less to do with the regulatory environment than with call screening and the consideration that if you are calling me on business, I'd rather you talk to my receptionist first.
Overall, this article featured a few stats that could have barely populated the bottom right graphic of the USA Today Money section and stretched it out into a three page article. Fluff journalism strikes again.
Re:Lousy article (Score:2)
That is the point the article is making, that network coverage is poor so often in the US, not in remote areas, but in normal suburban areas.
Mind you, their assumption that this is down to multiple standards isn't obviously true. After all, having everyone use GSM doesn't mean that every phone can talk to every base station, since that is down to network policy.
I suppose the wide use of GSM probab
Re:Lousy article (Score:3, Informative)
The problem with poor coverage in the US in sub/urban areas was due to poor early implementation. There was a significant analog network already in place, so the companies rolling out digital networks weren't necessarily the ones developing digital networks. The companies who were developing digital networks often oversold their capabilities to the phone companies (yeah blame it in marke
biggest surprise (Score:2)
Knew some about GSM and stuff, but had no idea about this! Guess this isn't something you'd be as likely to find out about as a tourist.
Variations within the US (Score:2)
Here's standard protocol in Texas (she says it's anywhere in the south):
Ring
Recipient: Hello?
Caller: Hey [insert recipient's name] it's [caller's name].
Recipient: Oh, hey, what's up?
Begin Conversation.
It's that last reply that she would always leave out. I
Re:Variations within the US (Score:2)
Re:Variations within the US (Score:2)
Wow, advanced EU features! (Score:2, Insightful)
News flash - so does my ancient Nokia 5160. Caller ID is part of the package. Apparently the writer doesn't know how to use his phone or he'd know that.
And I'd like to know what magic allows a phone to work at "the bottom of a salt mine in Poland." It doesn't matter whether you use GSM or a mix of th
Suprised Me.... (Score:5, Interesting)
Personally, I was very anti-mobile phone when I arrived there, but I was told that you really needed to have one if you wanted to be at all socially active. My first weekend there was a home stay with a family in rural Limerick (rural meaning they lived on a farm, had cattle, but no shower). The entire family had mobile phones, even their 10 year-old daughter.
The flat I stayed in (with 6 other Irish students) didn't even have a land line, (ironically enough, it was wired for LAN; however, I was the only person with a laptop) everyone used mobile phones. The crazy thing was, they rarely actually TALKED to each other, they simply sent text messages back and forth. Most of their plans were pre-paid, so, to get the most use out of their Euros, they would simply text each other.
The funny thing is, now that I'm back home and with a phone, despite my x amount of minutes a month for free and free "in calling", I still text message all of my friends.
I guess I'm just proud of my l337 phone typing skillz I accrued while abroad.
talk is cheap (Score:5, Insightful)
Consider the effects of US market saturation with landlines before mobiles appeared, compared to Europe's many "first time callers" without any phones when mobiles were first offered? How about Europeans many languages, in which people can more easily communicate with short SMS messages, rather than demanding interactive multilingual voice calls? Or the role mobile phones play in teenage consumer cultures, in car-hungry America vs. poorer teenage Europe?
No, none of those answers would blame the government for interfering with culture. Some of them might even blame corporations for bad service! And when you get your info from a London telco marketer and an FCC PR flack, why would you bother to validate that solid-gold wisdom "from the horse's mouth"?
Do you have a land-line? (Score:2)
I dumped the notion of having a land-line long ago. Mobile phones are just about as cheap and more versatile. At the moment, I live alone and I have no need for more than one phone line... and if I did, I'd just get another mobile anyway. I used to have ADSL but then I moved and it wasn't available so I got cable. Hence, no further reason for a land-li
Re:Do you have a land-line? (Score:3, Insightful)
Sure, there are any number of words. You can call it a telephone line, for starters. Everybody understands that.
POTS is clear to me but not obvious to others
Avoid acronyms. Always. It's just a good rule of thumb. Once your grandmother knows an acronym, it's okay to use it: DVD, ATM. Until then, use actual words. Don't say "POTS." Say "telephone line."
Re:Do you have a land-line? (Score:3, Insightful)
Least useful nitpick ever.
It is completely acceptable to use an acronym.
It is only acceptable to use acronyms which are in common usage. All others should be avoided.
POTS is far more descriptive than "telephone line"
Typical nerd rationalization. "It doesn't matter if no one understands me. I'm more precise!"
And most are prepaid too (Score:2)
Now that phones can log into services such as AIM or MSN messanger I wonder how that is changing?
One of the major reasons why people use SMS's in Germany, at least, was because there was a fix price per SMS and it was generally cheaper than talk time.
AT&T breakup (Score:2)
Basically, the US telecoms industry never recovered from AT&T being broken up. It's catching up with UK & Scandinavia fast, but it started a long, long way behind.
The incompatibilities across the country are just one aspect of that. There are two different GSM frequency bands used within the UK by different networks, and not long ago your phone would only work on one or the other. Nowadays all phones work
Re:Revenue (Score:5, Insightful)
Or perhaps it's 50% more people and a 400% higher population density.
Re:Revenue (Score:2)
US Population - 295 Million
EU Population - 455 Million
Re:Revenue (Score:3, Insightful)
Re:Revenue (Score:2)
See, infrastructure really needs to be measured on a user-area context; yes, covering the area multiple times costs more, but covering twice as many users on the same infrastructure costs more too. Single infrastructure is cheaper, but by no means is the American solution 2 or 3 times as expensive - its a lot closer to 1.3-1.4x as expensive (for the current 2-standard situation).
Re:Revenue (Score:2)
Re:Revenue (Score:3, Insightful)
No.
"Why call when you can walk next store or just find them down at the pub?"
Why walk next store or down to the pub to try to find them, when you could just ring them and be certain they're there?
Re:Revenue (Score:3, Funny)
Guess I just know my friends are always at home or the pub. Sometimes I forget not everyone has lazy drunk friends like I do.
Re:Revenue (Score:5, Insightful)
Now move to Europe. If they are to implement standards as a whole, they need to reach all of the European rural areas, just how it hasn't been reached in the US. As the article explains, those areas have been reached there. Whether you're in no-mans land in Scotland, Spain, Italy, Germany, Malta, Lithuania etc... you're connected.
Again my point is that population density doesn't matter much-- land area itself matters more. While a higher population in rural areas (high population rural areas?) would increase incentive for a company to spread there, that only matters so far. Every bit of land you don't cover, even where the population density is zero, will make you lose customers in the more populated areas. I'm from a rural area in Maine. I live in upstate NY. I did not buy a Verizon plan because it did not service my Maine location. Think I'm the only one? Nah.
Oh yeah oh yeah. Poland too.
Re:Revenue (Score:2)
Re:Revenue (Score:2)
Re:Revenue (Score:2)
Re:Revenue (Score:2)
Re:Revenue (Score:2)
Except practically nobody in the US actually pays by the call any more. The cheapest rate plans available from the different mobile-phone companies all include something like 2000 minutes of airtime, which is far more than the average person needs.
Even the most telephone-addicted businessman can get 5,000 minutes or more for less than $100 a month.
Don't be fooled by the vendor Web sites. They say that a 1,000 minute p
Re:Revenue (Score:3, Interesting)
Yes, but you are still effectively paying $100 (or so) per month for those calls, whether you make them or not. Just because it's called "phone rental" or whatever, doesn't mean that's where the money goes. From the telcos point of view, it's the average that matters, so while theoretically everyone could max out and pay 2c per minute, in practice it's going to be higher than that.
The other side of t
Re:Revenue (Score:2)
Also, if you call a cell phone in Europe, expect to pay at least
Many things are right in Europe (phone works everywhere and the SIM card moves your service and numbers to a new phone), but the pricing structure stinks com
Re:Revenue (Score:2)
We have nationwide calling plans in the US. How come no one has introduced a Continent/Union wide plan in Europe yet?
Re:Revenue (Score:5, Interesting)
More money where? In corporate accounts or in people's wallets? Because the fact is that we all here envy American's cheap calls. I would love to call more, but I always feel the counter ticking in the background. And telco is a de-facto oligopoly all over Europe, with state owned companies in almost all countries and heavily regulated GSM operators who hardly compete since they know no new players would be allowed on the market.
Re: (Score:3, Informative)
Re:Revenue (Score:3, Interesting)
Sorry, but they have not been sold. They have been merely privatized, which means that they have been converted into corporations with shares traded on the stock market. However, many of the shares still
Re:Revenue (Score:2)
I've used mobile phones since the late 70's, first the huge mastodonts in a small suitecase, plugged into your cars lighter, with an antenna on the car roof, via the first hand helds in the 80's up to the new ones we have today. Oh yes, I lived in Europe during those early years.. The American system is IMHO, not very good as yo
Re:Revenue (Score:2)
That's the classic planned-economy/market-economy trade off. We see it everywhere from tractor factories to airlines to health care.
Re:Revenue (Score:3, Informative)
That's the classic planned-economy/market-economy trade off. We see it everywhere from tractor factories to airlines to health care.
In the UK, my phone bill was around 20 pounds (~$40) per month. Upon moving to the US, my first month's bill was $250. Cellphones in the US are a fucking rip off, free market notwithstanding.
Precisely what aspect of the cellphone market in Europe is a 'planned economy'? Have you ever actually been to Eurpoe? Or is your knowledge -- like many Americans -- based on the Epco
Re:Revenue (Score:2)
60% of 295 million have cellphones in the USA. 177 million subscribers.
So Europe has twice the subscribers and makes 37% more money...
I'll have to call my wife's cell and discuss the ramifications of this for an hour or two (for free, mind you, since our cell plan doesn't charge for that)...
Re:GSM is so great? (Score:2, Interesting)
TDMA uses less power. CDMA is better when people are spread out. TDMA is better in heavily populated areas. 3G (UMTS) uses W-CDMA which is not the same kind of CDMA that Verizon and friends use.
It doesn't matter if W-CDMA was developed by an American company because we won't get widespread UMTS coverage until around ten years after the second coming of Christ. Damn Europeans and their superior cellular technology.
Re:GSM is so great? (Score:2)
Arrrrg! Fear the /. dittohead! (Score:4, Informative)
Re:Arrrrg! Fear the /. dittohead! (Score:3, Informative)
The whole damn European Union (post 2004) is less than HALF our size! You also have almost twice the number of people!
It doesn't take a Mathematical Genius to figure out why Cell Phone / Broadband / Product DeJour penetration is higher THERE than HERE.
Read the stats and get educated...or didn't they teach you how to do that in prepa