> 1 by federal law require that all routers (even the rockbottom cheapo ones) be able to deal with IPv6 when sold after %date%
What in the US Constitution gives the US federal government authority to regulate the protocols supported by routers?

> 2 require that all ISP provided equipment be IPv6 capable by %date%+15 days WITH NO CUSTOMER COST
What in the US Constitution gives the US federal government authority to regulate ISP provided equipment with regard to network protocols?

> 3 require that the ISP backend stuff route IPv6 by %date%+45 days
What in the US Constitution gives the US federal government authority to regulate ISP backbone protocols?

Furthermore, ISP's don't have FCC licenses so there's no license to be pulled.

Because your single player character and its items can be used in online multiplayer play. The randomly generated maps, AI and item drops are server-side in order to prevent hackers from cheating. In Diablo 2 this was big problem. In addition now that there's an online auction that allows people to auction in game items for both game gold or US dollars and other currencies. It's imperative that people not be allowed to duplicate items or otherwise cheat.

I very much agree with what you're saying, and my recollection of playing Wolfenstein3D for the first time many years ago was indeed similar (although I also remember the not-so-pleasant diziness and head aches from the visual effects).

For more interesting nuggets about the impact of this game and the design behind it, make sure to check out this nice video of Carmack himself talking about the game and playing the game with commentary: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=amDtAPHH-zE

You keep saying this but it's not true. Motherboards have several 12V rails because 12V is highly needed by motherboards and the peripherals directly attached to them. For example a dedicated 12V rail is used by a VRM (voltage regulator module), or multiple VRMs, on the motherboard just for converting that 12 volts to the small voltages that a CPU uses. The PCI Express bus also requires 12V (and 3.3V) so the motherboard provides 12V to the PCIe devices. Most CPU fans run as 12V and are supplied via connectors on the motherboard.

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atx
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cpu_fan
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pci_express
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voltage_regulator_module

That's simply not true.

Have a look at your ATX power supply's manual concerning the 20 or 24 pin power supply connector for your motherboard or get a multimeter and test it for yourself. You will see 12V, 5V and 3.3V. Not -48V.

The ATX power supply we all use in our computers is really called ATX12V because it provides 12 Volts to the motherboard. I'm not talking about the 4-pin molex connectors for hard drives. I'm talking about the 20-24 pin power connector to the motherboard. On a 20 pin connector pin 14 provides -12V and pin 10 provides 12V. On a 24 pin connector pins 10 and 11 provide 12V and pin 14 provides -12V.

Here is a wiring diagram that shows this:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Power_supply_unit_(computer)#Wiring_diagrams

In addition newer motherboards have extra dedicated 12V cables just for the CPU often called a P4 cable. http://www.playtool.com/pages/psuconnectors/connectors.html#atx12v4

Some motherboard require an additional 8pin EPS8 cable to provide even more dedicated 12V rails to the motherboard for the CPU.
http://www.playtool.com/pages/psuconnectors/connectors.html#eps8

What are you talking about?

I see no evidence that Google is asserting copyright over search results. Go ahead do a search and look for a copyright symbol...there is none.
https://www.google.com/search?q=linux

As a comparison do a Bing search and Microsoft does assert its copyright at the bottom of every page.
http://www.bing.com/search?q=linux

Copyright has nothing to do with terms of service. Google is under no obligation to let you or anyone else use their service in a way they don't want. That's completely different than Oracle asking the government to fine Google for supposedly violating their copyright on something that is possibly not copyrightable like an API. Oracle is not alleging that Google violated a terms of service. They are alleging that Google needed a license in order to copy copyrighted material.

Google created their service and for the most part they can decide how the service is used. If someone is using their service in a way that hurts Google they are within their legal or moral rights to not provide that service in a way that hurts them. Just like as a website operator I can decide how my web server is used. I can choose to ban Google's IPs if I don't want them to access my service. I can use a robots.txt file to instruct their HTTP agent to ignore certain pages. If my website's content is copied in a way that is not covered by fair use I can ask the government to fine those who are violating my copyright but that is separate from determining what IPs may use my web server as a service. Just like Google could choose to ask the government to fine someone who violated their copyright in a way that is not covered by fair use.

Can you cite any references where Google has alleged that someone violated their copyright on a search result that you believe is covered by fair use?

Computer motherboards don't run on -48V DC. They run on +12V DC. Power supplies normally take the 110-220V AC power and convert it to 12V DC for the motherboard and 5V DC for peripherals but this causes a loss of efficiency. This Open Rack infrastructure puts the power supply which they're calling a 12V power bar on the rack and supplies the computer with exactly the 12V it needs. In the article they claim they got 50% power savings over a traditional power supply/computer design. While there may be a lot of telecom gear for -48V DC that is not what a computer motherboard needs. It would still require a power supply to convert -48V DC to +12V DC if they had gone that route. This would have increased cost and decreased power efficiency.

I commend you for your genuine interest to aid your son now that he's starting to explore the exciting, wild, large, fuzzy, beautiful world of things we usually refer to as "programming".

There are some excellent recommendations for books already posted, but I just wanted to point out a video that might help you get a different perspective on what might be worth pursuing when teaching these things to young people: ART && CODE Symposium: Hackety Hack

It's a talk made by someone that has already been mentioned in other posts, a legendary figure that goes by the name of Why the Lucky Stiff (creator of the Poignant Guide to Ruby), and let me tell you, if you have already read something about him and felt curious about why he did the things he did and in the way he did them, seeing him on video really helps you see where he comes from and what his motivations are.

Make sure to see the bits of the talk where he presents a video made by a kid where he explains in his own words the experience he (the kid) had learning programming from books, and then trying to learn it from a sandbox like Hackity Hack (a creation of Why, but it really could be any other similar tool).

Best of luck to you and your son!

Yes it is after 7 years of releasing their development boards. The original Arduino was not CE certified though. The Raspberry Pi Foundation was also planning on their original boards not being CE certified and subsequent boards getting CE certification.

Many other dev boards don't have CE certification either. Look through digikey.com or sparkfun.com at dev boards and you'll notice many are without CE certification. The RPF always planned on getting CE certification later this year before the educational release of the Raspberry Pi was made. At that point it would have also had a case and a manual. The only reason it's getting a CE cert now is because their distributors want it.