I'll let you split hairs about processing vs refining.
And yes, China, along with Europe, push for the DIRTY mining of Lithium. They are pretty bad, but they want it cheap.
If it isn't cheap it's not economical.
OTOH, Here in America, we are finding the lithium from heated brine solutions down below. In particular, we are bringing up brine solutions for geo-thermal electricity and then pulling the lithium out after the fact, and then re-injecting the cleaned up water back into the hole.
Which is why we don't have enough to supply our need.
http://minerals.usgs.gov/miner...
Here in America, we are recycling our lithium batteries. It is Europe that is dirty WRT to not recycling it. Sadly, Europe would rather scream about somethings, while ignoring the real damage that they do to the earth.
Nobody recycles batteries for the lithium. A small amount get recycled for cobalt That will change as the price of lithium rises, of course as that happens we are back to economics..