Comment Re: Nuances (Score 3, Informative) 44
Apollo 8 actually entered lunar orbit. A lunar flyby had been considered by the Soviets but they couldn't do it. As a shakedown of the spacecraft's systems this achieves nothing, they already had an unmanned flight. If they had a working lunar module they could at least to a proper full rehearsal like Apollo 10, but NASA lacks courage now.
Apollo 8 was the mission where the lander wasn't ready. Apollo 10's LM was functional, just they didn't have enough fuel to land and lacked the approach/landing software in the PGNS. They were to test the LM's behaviour and its abort capabilities. That was a lot, it was important, it achieved results. A flyby at this point in spaceflight history does nothing engineering-wise. They just have to do something and it is not much. As an astronaut, I would feel insulted.