Comment Only 1.9 years? (Score 4, Insightful) 154
Is it really that big price considering that on average men live 5 years shorter?
Comment Re:It would impact some encryption (Score 1) 316
impact some encryption
Modestly said. For instance, millions of websites rely on private/public keys. So one day HTTPS will be as bad as HTTP. And I'm not sure if quantum resistant HTTPS will work fast on conventional hardware. Also there are many encrypted files/archives, signed executables etc.
Comment Re:Weak work! (Score 1) 105
child could inherit ASD risk from his autistic mother through genes. X-Chromosome
Autism inheritance is much more complicated. There are possibly hundreds of autism risk genes that are distributed over the human genome. X chromosome doesn't explain most of the males' excess. Exposure to androgens (male sex hormones) in uterus explains most of the males' excess since they change expressions of many genes (including risk genes) and making males more vulnerable to genetic and environment factors. On average autistic children have lower 2D:4D ratio compared to general population which is an indicator of high prenatal testosterone. There are plenty of cases where a child inherits autism from dad.
Comment Re:Fecal Transplants (Score 1) 105
Yes if they don't know about that otherwise it can cause a resistance.
Comment Re:Weak work! (Score 1) 105
Actually I don't believe that microbes are the primary cause. Actually the title says that it can contribute (worsen symptoms), it doesn't say that it's causal. There are other strong factors, for example, the child could inherit ASD risk from his autistic father through genes. It's unlikely to inherit father's gut microbes.
Comment Re:Fecal Transplants (Score 1) 105
fecal transplants
Yeah, that would be already disgusting for many autistic people because of their sensory overload.
This article doesn't imply that bacterias are the main cause, but they might worsen the symptoms in some people.
Comment Re:Autism is the next stage of human evolution (Score 1) 105
If seriously, currently their reproductive success is much lower compared to the general population since they're less adapted to this world. So they won't become mainstream unless this changes.
Comment YouTube would become less free from this (Score 0) 4
By this logic all videos containing misinformation or very pseudoscientific/ideological things should be removed. It's the users' freedom to upload videos they want and the users' freedom to watch and rate videos they like. YouTube isn't a scientific community. Actually the channel's recent autism related video was heavily disliked, so fortunately there're sane people.
Submission + - SPAM: Gut bacteria may contribute to autism symptoms, mouse study finds
Suren Enfiajyan writes: Genetic factors play an important role in Autism but some researchers suspect that gut bacterias also have a significant influence. It reveals that mice develop autism-like behaviors when they are colonized by microbes from the feces of people with autism. The result doesn’t prove that gut bacteria can cause autism. But it suggests that, at least in mice, the makeup of the gut can contribute to some hallmark features of the disorder.
Many studies have found differences between the composition of the gut microbiomes in people with and without autism. But those studies can’t determine whether a microbial imbalance is responsible for autism symptoms or is a result of having the condition.
To test this, researchers put fecal samples from children with and without autism into the stomachs of germ-free mice, which had no microbiomes of their own. The researchers then mated pairs of mice colonized with the same microbiomes, so their offspring would be exposed to a set of human microbes early in development. Compared with mice colonized with bacteria from children without autism, the mice that inherited a microbiome from a child with autism were less social and showed more repetitive behavior.
When the researchers looked at the contents of the mouse guts, they found differences between the two groups in the levels of 27 metabolites. In particular, mice harboring microbes from people with autism had lower levels of taurine and 5-aminovaleric acid (5AV), molecules that are known to bind to neurons and inhibit their activity. That finding fits with the theory that an imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory signals in the brain might underlie autism.
These results are unlikely to yield new microbiome-based treatments right away. The two metabolites highlighted in this study might turn out to be irrelevant to autism in people. Still, the research justifies a hunt for other metabolites deficient in the gut or brain of people with the disorder, he says. “This will give encouragement to the field that there is something there.”
Link to Original Source
Many studies have found differences between the composition of the gut microbiomes in people with and without autism. But those studies can’t determine whether a microbial imbalance is responsible for autism symptoms or is a result of having the condition.
To test this, researchers put fecal samples from children with and without autism into the stomachs of germ-free mice, which had no microbiomes of their own. The researchers then mated pairs of mice colonized with the same microbiomes, so their offspring would be exposed to a set of human microbes early in development. Compared with mice colonized with bacteria from children without autism, the mice that inherited a microbiome from a child with autism were less social and showed more repetitive behavior.
When the researchers looked at the contents of the mouse guts, they found differences between the two groups in the levels of 27 metabolites. In particular, mice harboring microbes from people with autism had lower levels of taurine and 5-aminovaleric acid (5AV), molecules that are known to bind to neurons and inhibit their activity. That finding fits with the theory that an imbalance between excitatory and inhibitory signals in the brain might underlie autism.
These results are unlikely to yield new microbiome-based treatments right away. The two metabolites highlighted in this study might turn out to be irrelevant to autism in people. Still, the research justifies a hunt for other metabolites deficient in the gut or brain of people with the disorder, he says. “This will give encouragement to the field that there is something there.”
Link to Original Source
Comment Re:It's because of new Edge user agent (Score 1) 137
I don't argue. But I also don't care, since I don't use Edge and Windows 10. Also MS has its share of "sins, It did similar things with IE and now it's shoving its shitty and unfinished OS down users' throats". So I think it's a fair price for this and for using Chromium for free. As I said both are broken companies. The whiners are probably MS fanboys or/and Google haters.
Comment It's because of new Edge user agent (Score 3, Interesting) 137
New Edge uses "Edg/76" instead of "Edge/76" in its user agent. Regardless of whether it's intentional or a typo, Google doesn't recognize it yet. If some Google haters think that it's done intentionally then I wonder why they're using YouTube and/or whether they're Microsoft fanboys. I'm not a fanboy of any of these companies. Both companies are broken in different ways.
Comment Re:Um... (Score 1) 49
Most human internal organs aren't symmetrical. There is a condition called situs inversus where all internal organs are mirrored.
Comment And also "sinus inversus" (Score 3, Informative) 49
It should be "situs inversus".
Comment Re:from the changing-your-shell dept. (Score 2) 49
Snail shell to Z shell? I don't know. But I think we will be able to turn a Linux guy into a UNIX guy with CRISPR.
Submission + - SPAM: Scientists can now change snails' shell coiling direction with CRISPR
Suren Enfiajyan writes: Most snails are "righties". Now scientists have found genes that can change the shell coiling direction.
There was a garden snail called Jeremy with a left-coiled shell. It struggled to find a left-coiled mate. Just before dying in 2017, it was finally paired up, leaving an offspring that was born all right.
How Jeremy and other chiral or mirror-image snails — including a few species that are all-left — turn out like this has long baffled scientists. Studying these snails offers clues to the evolution of body plans in many animals. It also could be important for understanding why 1 in 10,000 people are born with situs inversus, a condition where their internal organs are flipped like a lefty snail’s shell.
And now scientists have figured out how to change the shell chirality.
“Ten years ago you might not imagine there were any similarities in the left/right asymmetry of a snail and the left/right asymmetry of humans. But it’s becoming increasingly obvious that is the case,” said Angus Davison, an evolutionary geneticist who has studied Jeremy the lefty snail as well as chiral pond snails, but was not a part of Dr. Kuroda’s study.
A few years ago, Dr. Kuroda and Dr. Davison’s groups independently stumbled upon Lsdia1, a gene that might explain shell direction. But lefties had one less copy of the gene than righties, and compensated with a nearly identical gene, Lsdia2. Which one caused the handedness?
In the current study, Dr. Kuroda and Masanori Abe used Crispr to edit out the Lsdia1 gene, and then raised the resulting mutant snails. Confirming previous work, they showed that even in the first embryonic cell, genetic information started picking sides. And by the third cleavage, when four cells become eight, the mutant cells were rotating in the opposite direction of what is expected.
These snails grew into lefties, and so did their offspring. Without two working copies of Lsdia1, snails can survive with Lsdia2 — but their shells won’t coil to the right.
Still, the genetics behind pond snails becoming lefties or righties conjures questions about why it developed and evolved in so many organisms.
“Chirality is pretty universal. Most organisms have left/right asymmetry,” said Nipam Patel, a cell biologist who found that humans, other vertebrates and snails share some similar roads on the genetic map to mirror-image bodies. These organisms initially break symmetry in different ways, but eventually they likely merge onto the same path, taken by a common ancestor long ago.
“There is likely no universal molecule gene that switches asymmetry,” Dr. Davison said. “But it is possible that there is a universal pathway that is involved in setting up an asymmetric cellular architecture in all animals.”
Link to Original Source
There was a garden snail called Jeremy with a left-coiled shell. It struggled to find a left-coiled mate. Just before dying in 2017, it was finally paired up, leaving an offspring that was born all right.
How Jeremy and other chiral or mirror-image snails — including a few species that are all-left — turn out like this has long baffled scientists. Studying these snails offers clues to the evolution of body plans in many animals. It also could be important for understanding why 1 in 10,000 people are born with situs inversus, a condition where their internal organs are flipped like a lefty snail’s shell.
And now scientists have figured out how to change the shell chirality.
“Ten years ago you might not imagine there were any similarities in the left/right asymmetry of a snail and the left/right asymmetry of humans. But it’s becoming increasingly obvious that is the case,” said Angus Davison, an evolutionary geneticist who has studied Jeremy the lefty snail as well as chiral pond snails, but was not a part of Dr. Kuroda’s study.
A few years ago, Dr. Kuroda and Dr. Davison’s groups independently stumbled upon Lsdia1, a gene that might explain shell direction. But lefties had one less copy of the gene than righties, and compensated with a nearly identical gene, Lsdia2. Which one caused the handedness?
In the current study, Dr. Kuroda and Masanori Abe used Crispr to edit out the Lsdia1 gene, and then raised the resulting mutant snails. Confirming previous work, they showed that even in the first embryonic cell, genetic information started picking sides. And by the third cleavage, when four cells become eight, the mutant cells were rotating in the opposite direction of what is expected.
These snails grew into lefties, and so did their offspring. Without two working copies of Lsdia1, snails can survive with Lsdia2 — but their shells won’t coil to the right.
Still, the genetics behind pond snails becoming lefties or righties conjures questions about why it developed and evolved in so many organisms.
“Chirality is pretty universal. Most organisms have left/right asymmetry,” said Nipam Patel, a cell biologist who found that humans, other vertebrates and snails share some similar roads on the genetic map to mirror-image bodies. These organisms initially break symmetry in different ways, but eventually they likely merge onto the same path, taken by a common ancestor long ago.
“There is likely no universal molecule gene that switches asymmetry,” Dr. Davison said. “But it is possible that there is a universal pathway that is involved in setting up an asymmetric cellular architecture in all animals.”
Link to Original Source
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