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Comment Re:US (Score 1) 149

Or you could just, you know, fill out a 1040. It takes about ten minutes. A bit longer if you've never done it before.

People are irrationally afraid of it because there are so many horror stories out there about people spending hours and hours and hours trudging through financial records trying to figure out their taxes, but most of those stories are heavily exaggerated, and 100% of them are from people whose finances are *way* more complicated than average, because they own a business or have a bunch of fancy investments or whatever. For a regular person who has a regular job and gets a regular W-2 from your employer, it's really not a big deal. Though of course if most of what you know about it comes from the advertising from Intuit and H&R Block, you wouldn't know that.

Comment Re:Ask the voters (Score 1) 68

A few decades ago, the vote would've gone heavily in favor of requiring car dealerships to be locally owned; but at this point, I imagine a lot of Ohio voters would kinda shrug and check one of the options more or less at random. If there are still a lot of people here who care deeply about the issue, I'm not aware of it. (Maybe among the remaining members "silent generation"?) Ohio consumers have thoroughly embraced large chains (such as Meijer and Menard's and Ollie's and so on) for most of their brick-and-mortar retail needs, and the distinction between a franchise chain and a corporately owned chain is too subtle for most voters, given that the only way to even distinguish them from one another is by doing research on them.

Ideally, there should not have been a special exception carved out for Tesla in particular, in the first place. Either Tesla should have been held to the same rules as everyone else, or else the rule should have just been changed. Any time government rules treat specific companies differently from everyone else, I see that as a sign of corruption and bad governance (although "bad" is relative; there is of course much *worse* governance in some parts of the world, than what we have in Ohio).

Comment Re:surprisingly stable? (Score 1) 67

Yeah, came here to say basically the same thing. We're talking about a _really_ nitrogen-dense compound here. If you look at the general level of stability of other small-molecule compounds with a high percentage of nitrogen by weight, and then someone says "OBTW I synthesized N6", the natural reaction is to flee the county. In that context, if it's possible to warm it above about 20 kelvin and turn on the light in the room without the stuff going kablooey, it's suprisingly stable. I've been known to joke about a nitrogen-based analog to the fullerines, but I didn't seriously think anyone would try to *make* something like that.
Programming

The Toughest Programming Question for High School Students on This Year's CS Exam: Arrays 63

America's nonprofit College Board lets high school students take college-level classes — including a computer programming course that culminates with a 90-minute test. But students did better on questions about If-Then statements than they did on questions about arrays, according to the head of the program. Long-time Slashdot reader theodp explains: Students exhibited "strong performance on primitive types, Boolean expressions, and If statements; 44% of students earned 7-8 of these 8 points," says program head Trevor Packard. But students were challenged by "questions on Arrays, ArrayLists, and 2D Arrays; 17% of students earned 11-12 of these 12 points."

"The most challenging AP Computer Science A free-response question was #4, the 2D array number puzzle; 19% of students earned 8-9 of the 9 points possible."

You can see that question here. ("You will write the constructor and one method of the SumOrSameGame class... Array elements are initialized with random integers between 1 and 9, inclusive, each with an equal chance of being assigned to each element of puzzle...") Although to be fair, it was the last question on the test — appearing on page 16 — so maybe some students just didn't get to it.

theodp shares a sample Java solution and one in Excel VBA solution (which includes a visual presentation).

There's tests in 38 subjects — but CS and Statistics are the subjects where the highest number of students earned the test's lowest-possible score (1 out of 5). That end of the graph also includes notoriously difficult subjects like Latin, Japanese Language, and Physics.

There's also a table showing scores for the last 23 years, with fewer than 67% of students achieving a passing grade (3+) for the first 11 years. But in 2013 and 2017, more than 67% of students achieved that passsing grade, and the percentage has stayed above that line ever since (except for 2021), vascillating between 67% and 70.4%.

2018: 67.8%
2019: 69.6%
2020: 70.4%
2021: 65.1%
2022: 67.6%
2023: 68.0%
2024: 67.2%
2025: 67.0%

Comment Getting sucked into one publication's bubble (Score 1) 81

Part of the problem is that there's no way to pay "journalists" as a whole. Because of electronic payment networks' fees per transaction, online newspapers have to sell a monthly subscription, not a single issue they way they would with cash in a vending machine. And a subscription to NYT includes zero articles from WaPo or WSJ. This means readers get sucked into the ideological bubble of the one publication that happens to be part of their subscription plan.

Comment How does interactivity disqualify SLAPS? (Score 1) 245

These aren't even marketed as works of art, they're marketed as video games

I concede that I have not viewed incest-themed video games, as sexually explicit works do not appeal to me. However, US law classifies a video game as an audiovisual work, little different from a motion picture. I'm aware of more than one film adaptation of Lolita, a novel by Vladimir Nabokov depicting sexual abuse of a minor. I'm not aware of any statute or regulation that disqualifies a work of authorship from having "artistic value" solely because it is interactive. Could you give me something to cite about categorical exclusion of interactive audiovisual works from having "serious literary, artistic, political, or scientific value" per the Miller test?

Note that in the Miller v California decision, Miller lost. His conviction was upheld.

The conviction was reversed and remanded. From Wikipedia's article "Miller v. California, section "Opinion of the Court":

The result of the ruling was that the Supreme Court overturned Miller's criminal conviction and remanded the case back to the California Superior Court for reconsideration of whether Miller had committed a misdemeanor.[5]

[5] Beverly G. Miller, Miller v. California: A Cold Shower for the First Amendment , 48 St. John's L. Rev. 568 (1974).

From the opinion of the Court, 413 U.S. 15 (1973):

The judgment of the Appellate Department of the Superior Court, Orange County, California, is vacated and the case remanded to that court for further proceedings not inconsistent with the First Amendment standards established by this opinion.

Could you give me something to cite about Miller's conviction having been upheld on remand?

The case introduced a three-part test, which you must have known to quote only the third part of the test.

I quoted the part of the Miller test on which authors and publishers would most likely rely in a defense. The Miller test is not like the fair use test in the copyright statute (17 USC 107), in which the judge is expected to weigh the factors against one another. A work has to meet all three parts of the Miller test to be obscene.

And "serious literary or artistic" value wouldn't pass the laugh test.

This is where we disagree on how the opinion of the Court ought to be interpreted.

Comment Not offering less common board thicknesses (Score 1) 188

I've noticed that a lot of these US-based PCB fabs that offer manufacturing have a limited selection of board thicknesses, such as 1.6 mm and little else. That doesn't help if you're interfacing with another device that needs a 1.2 mm thick PCB, such as a Nintendo Entertainment System Control Deck.

Comment Re:Backups? (Score 1) 274

I'm assuming they have some physical backups somewhere, yes. But they'll probably be at least several days out of date.

The *daily* backups were almost certainly the 10TB of backups that were found and destroyed by the attackers. Which makes sense: you want your most frequent backups to be fully 100% automated so they're as up to date as possible whenever a hard drive dies (which, for most organizations, happens considerably more often than this kind of successful malicious attack). So your continuous and daily backups go onto media that are online 24/7. So when something like this happens, you're going to have to go back to the last time a secondary backup was made, and that's less automated (among other things, someone has to physically swap the media in and out, and if we're talking about 10TB of data, that's probably going to have to happen multiple times, over the course of a couple of days, to complete the backup), so it generally happens less frequently. Since this was a munitions factory, we can charitably assume they would have known they were a potential target for this sort of thing, and so probably would have at least done a secondary backup weekly? Probably. Most organizations don't have their sysadmins practice restoring from secondary backups on anything resembling a regular basis, so they won't really know what they're doing and will run into all sorts of minor-but-annoying setbacks and delays. Software that's needed won't be installed, and there won't be a complete list of it anywhere, so they'll have to fool around by trial and error figuring out why blah-blah-blah won't run, oh, we forgot to install foolib on the design department's database server, have to do that, ok, now why does it still not run, oh, it also wants the foolib extensions for Postgres, install that, rinse, repeat. Some data that are stored in oddball locations (typically, configuration stuff) will have been missed, and will have to be recreated. And so on.

It's hard to predict exactly how long that stuff will take, but my first guess would be more than a week.

Granted, that's a far cry short of the timeframe if the factory had been, say, bombed into craterdom. But this may have been cheaper, and in any case it also gives Ukraine a significant amount of information about the factory's operation, which could be valuable in other ways.

Comment Fair Access to Banking Act (HR 987 and S 401) (Score 1) 245

The bigger question is why aren't there laws requiring payment processors to blindly accept all payments and only report fraud.

Because not enough Americans have called their Representative in support of H.R. 987 and their Senators in support of S. 401. These bills, collectively the "Fair Access to Banking Act", would do much as you suggest.

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