I tried it for the first time a week ago. I asked it three times, how to compute the absolute magnitude of an asteroid. And it gave a different formula each time, all of them incorrect. Out of curiosity, I tried now again, a fourth time... And still an incorrect response:
To compute the absolute magnitude of an asteroid, you will need to follow these steps:
1. Determine the apparent magnitude of the asteroid: The apparent magnitude is the brightness of the asteroid as it appears from Earth. You can obtain this value from observations or measurements of the asteroid's brightness.
2. Determine the distance between the asteroid and the observer: The distance between the asteroid and the observer (in astronomical units or AU) can be obtained from observations or from orbital data.
3. Calculate the distance between the asteroid and the Sun: You will also need to determine the distance between the asteroid and the Sun (in AU). This value can be obtained from orbital data.
4. Use the formula:
Absolute Magnitude = Apparent Magnitude - 5 * log(distance to the asteroid in AU) - 5
This formula takes into account the distance between the asteroid and the observer, as well as the distance between the asteroid and the Sun, to determine the absolute magnitude of the asteroid.
Wikipedia actually has the correct formula, which uses not just "distance to the asteroid" but also the asteroid distance to the Sun as well as its phase angle. When I use the formulas given by ChatGPT on actual data, they yield results that are off by a minimum of 1.5 magnitudes to as much as 7.5 magnitudes (this fourth attempt is off by 2.5 magnitudes). For comparison, using the correct formula on this data returns a result that is within 0.1 magnitude to the reference value:
ChatGPT attempt #1: 13.6
ChatGPT attempt #2: 19.7
ChatGPT attempt #3: 15.4
ChatGPT attempt #4: 9.69
Using correct formula: 12.3
Reference value: 12.2