Did they make any attempt to distinguish between correlation and causation?

Such as? There have been a couple of controlled studies on ultraprocessed food. They found weight gain and other things like speed of eating associated with the UPFs and not other diets. Good luck doing a decade long controlled study until people get heart disease, even if you somehow convinced an ethics committee to let you try.

https://www.cell.com/cell-meta...
https://www.nature.com/article....

There have also been lots of mechanistic studies of many of the common ingredients in UPFs.

The way to make money on it is to buy stock in those companies. Or stock in their customers, who are selling more stuff.

If you manage to get the timing anywhere close to right you can sell that stock and then buy real estate at foreclosure sales.

If a society can't adapt to post-scarcity then that society should get eliminated. That's just about the dumbest reason for self destruction you can imagine.

The cotton gin. It was all down hill after that.

Sure. Everyone should learn Latin in school. Greek first though. You don't properly apprciate Latin if you don't already have Greek. Then a few modern languages, at least one Romance to follow the Latin plus a Germanic and some form of Chinese. Better throw in Japanese and something with click consonants too. Practical math absolutely, and shop and don't forget home ec. Advanced math too... none of this "choosing" to take calculus. Science classes should cover physics, biology and chemistry for everyone, to an advanced level. Some economics, sociology and anthropology too, and definitely comprehensive history. Every child should graduate knowing how to fix a toilet, maintain their brakes and perform competent Japanese joinery.

Epstein seemed to have a penchant for putting commas in random places. He used double commas too, for some reason. Epstein seems to have really liked commas and just sprinkled them liberally through his e-mails like glitter.

An anecdote is not correlation. It's not even weak evidence of a correlation.

Skinner, 1948, "'Superstition' in the Pigeon."

https://psycnet.apa.org/fullte...

I'm not sure why the Internet thinks Bubba is Bill Clinton.

https://hero.fandom.com/wiki/B...

Actually, the Epstein comma seems to be the worst.

McDonnel Douglas landed a rocket more than 20 years before SpaceX did. ATK, Pratt and Whitney, Boeing and Lockheed have all been involved in recovering boosters using parachutes.

The point of booster recovery is to make them cheaper. SpaceX and Blue Origin are the second wave of manufacturers, focused on cost.

You haven't watched any of the Apollo landings? They're on YouTube.

Those geniuses think that by turning a landlocked province into a landlocked country they will suddenly gain access to the ocean.

New Glenn is about the same capacity as Falcon Heavy, maybe a touch less, both with full reuse. But SpaceX has also demonstrated recovering Super Heavy, which is a LOT bigger. You could pretty easily slap an expendable second stage on Super Heavy and the highest launch capacity ever.

If my conversions of crazy American units are correct you could stick an entire fueled New Glenn on top of Super Heavy and launch it.

Right. NASA, coordinating Boeing, Lockheed, North American, Rockwell, etc. were the first movers. SpaceX is the "copy cat" that takes the basic idea and mass produces it for a buck each.