I don't think it is the previous colonial powers if by that you mean Turkey. I think it is more the little jerks calling themselves mullahs and imams that are fearful that the West will finally triumph over Islam via the intertubes which brings in all sorts of radical ideas they cannot stomach.
The interpipes reduce friction. It used to be the mullahs and imams could hide behind Islam and control their societies. Now they can no longer do that and they have unleashed the worst of their kind in Daesh. Daesh has been able to combine Islamic hate for everything not Islamic and Sunni with tribal insecurities of losing the tribes' control of their people.
The muscle behind Daesh is the old Saddam Hussein hacks, at least the Daesh fighters who have run away report this. They run the security apparatus behind Daesh. One doesn't just join Daesh, you have to be vetted by these clowns first.
I don't think Daesh's run is going to be that long. They have the ancient idea that if they scare enough people, they'll be able to impose their will. But with the internet, it is too easy for those who have lost a brother, father, etc. to Daesh to communicate and plot revenge. The same tribal sensitivities they think they are taking advantage of will come back to stab them in the back when they least expect it. If it is one thing the fellows in the mid-east know how to do, it is to carry a grudge for a long, long time.