Sure. Did a the flood that Noah allegedly built an ark for actually occur? A huge global flood would leave geologic evidence that would be observable even today.
It would. And there are people who interpret geological evidence such as fossils and rock layers supporting a global flood.
You should note, however, that these are interpretations, and whether FOR or AGAINST they are not science. There's no control group you can run an experiment at the scales involved. We don't have a spare earth we can terraform and observe for a million years to confirm/disprove competing hypotheses on what actually happened.
Not every historical claim can be tested by science but a great many can.
Actually, none can. You can't experiment on the past. You could fail to replicate a historical event - but that mainly says that *you* failed with your existing technology and chosen solution - it doesn't prove that the past did not happen.
Can you build a scientific experiment to prove George Washington was president? That Julius Caeser existed? That the US fought the Battle of Midway?
You can find artifacts and documents that support those historical facts, but that's not scientific evidence. You can perform scientific experiments on the artifacts/documents to estimate their age, to evaluate their credibility as historical evidence, but that is not using science to test historical claims.
You use historical evidence, not scientific evidence, to test historical claims. Some scientific evidence can serve as historical evidence, but science is an inappropriate tool to determine what happened in the past.