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Drug Found to Aid Vegetative Patients 353

Oxygen99 writes "BBC News is reporting on some amazing effects of a drug called Zolpidem on patients suffering from persistent vegetative state. Apparently the drug, usually used to treat insomnia, activates dormant areas of the brain that can make patients aware of their surroundings and even hold conversations. This raises several interesting points including the diagnosis of PVS and the attendant ethics of the associated life support, as well as the way the brain responds to injury and damage."
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Drug Found to Aid Vegetative Patients

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  • Gaba stuff (Score:5, Interesting)

    by jimmyhat3939 ( 931746 ) on Wednesday May 24, 2006 @05:35AM (#15392599) Homepage
    It's interesting to me that these things seem to always deal with Gaba. Is Gaba the only thing in our brains?

    Most anti-anxiety medications work by fooling around with how Gaba is handled in the brain. I can't remember whether they inhibit it or make it more effective. Now here you have this thing saying that people in vegitative states have something wrong with their Gaba receptors.

    Maybe someone who understands a little bit about brain chemistry (if such a person even exists) can shed some light on this. For instance, does this finding imply that you could induce a vegitative state in someone by stopping the action of Gaba in their brains, only to "restart" them once they're needed again?

  • by Oxygen99 ( 634999 ) on Wednesday May 24, 2006 @06:32AM (#15392733)
    This distinction wasn't considered important in the case of Tony Bland [bbc.co.uk], a PVS patient who was allowed to die in the UK several years ago. Although it isn't recognised as brain death, in this instance doctors allowed the feeding tubes to be removed, effectively, as you say, starving him to death. In the UK at least, it seems the two are usually equated.
  • just kill me (Score:5, Interesting)

    by m874t232 ( 973431 ) on Wednesday May 24, 2006 @06:43AM (#15392762)
    If my brain has been damaged so much that I can only be roused to awareness of my surroundings by a drug that artificially and temporarily activates bits and pieces of my brain, I just want to die quickly and painlessly. As far as I'm concerned, the biggest crime against me would be to keep me alive.
  • by Viol8 ( 599362 ) on Wednesday May 24, 2006 @06:49AM (#15392784) Homepage
    "Her parents desperately fought to keep her alive, because she could make sounds, move her limbs, keep solid eye contact on someone"

    So can an ant. It doesn't make them human. If the personality is gone
    and theres no sign of intellect all you have left is a base functioning
    brain.

    "It was downright horrible and state approved MURDER."

    In your opinion. Perhaps if you'd been her husband you might have a
    different opinion. You sanctamonious types are all mouth. I'd love to see
    one of have to see your wife be a vegetable for years or even decades
    and see if you still have your arrogant self righteous opinions then.

    "Ths drug could have helped her have a normal life, but she did not live long enough to ever have the chance to try it!"

    And many people in the middle ages died because they couldn't wait 500
    years for anti biotics to be invented. So fscking what?
  • by FidelCatsro ( 861135 ) * <.fidelcatsro. .at. .gmail.com.> on Wednesday May 24, 2006 @07:03AM (#15392812) Journal
    Shockingly enough , and this may seem insensitive to say so but it makes a point.
    Did anyone ask the patient in question about it.
    So if they are brain dead then it is nothing to worry about and simply allowing the family to finally grieve .
    If they are not brain dead, then can you imagine being in a PVS , unable to move , do anything for yourself , interact . A veritable life sentence in solitary for the innocent.
    To me , letting someone die seems far far less cruel than that.
    If there is now medicine which may help some people recover , then that is wonderful but sometimes there is nothing you can do for someone.
  • by Tx ( 96709 ) on Wednesday May 24, 2006 @07:47AM (#15392928) Journal
    I was wondering the same thing. Like did "catch a basketball" mean a basketball thrown from across the room with the patient standing up, or dropped into his arms from a couple of inches with him sitting down. It's the usual frustrating lack of detail we get with mainstream media reporting of science issues. I understand they want to keep it simple, but make it too simple, and the report becomes almost meaningless.
  • by hackstraw ( 262471 ) * on Wednesday May 24, 2006 @07:57AM (#15392964)
    And many people in the middle ages died because they couldn't wait 500 years for anti biotics to be invented. So fscking what?

    Westerners have an irrational fascination with these new drugs and yes, they do prolong life, but quality of life is most of the time in no way shape or form improved. I've seen family members whose bodies have basically failed, but the doctors have kept them physically alive for another couple of years, for nothing, at the cost of between $10,000-100,000 a piece.

    I've been a victim of the FDA approved drug bullshit for almost 20 years, and now that I realize that the drugs made me worse over the years, which has been supported by medical studies, I'm off of the drugs, and at least for now, I'm fine, and I feel healthier than I have in over 20 years since before I started taking these things.

    I will give western medicine 4 things. 1) Improved success in living for mothers and children during child birth. 2) Physical repair of broken things like hips and joints. 3) Improved quality and longevity of life because of antibiotics. 4) Immunizations for nasty things.

    I'm sure that someone will add to the list, and I did not come up with that list via hard hours of research, its just one I've put together over the past few months of thinking about the stuff.

    I was labeled as being mentally ill when I was 18, and have taken between 8-10 different maintenance drugs to help me "manage" my condition. Well, between 6-8 of those drugs are documented for making me worse, which is what I said word for word the last time I saw my doctor. So, he gave me another handful of drugs, that I never took and I threw in the trash. I have altered my diet, and am taking quality (read, not Centrum or anything like that) vitamins, herbs, and supplements, and I'm essentially symptom free, and I have had friends and coworkers comment on how much better I seem.

    The drugs that were given to me gave me 1) Chronic diarrhea for over 18 months 2) Headaches 3) Vertigo to the point of almost getting in serious car accidents twice. 4) Depression, anxiety, confusion, and mania (what the drugs were supposed to treat) 5) Obsessive thoughts, usually in the form of a cheesy pop song that I could not get one line out of my head. 5) Daily dry heaves. 6) Paranoia 7) Generally a lower state of cognition and well being.

    Oh, and if you think all of those things don't affect your personal and professional life, well, in my case they did.

    The trend here is for the pharmaceutical companies to make "maintenance medications", not a cure or something that will drastically increase the speed of recovery and then forgo taking the drug. I strongly recommend that nobody take a drug that is prescribed by a doctor that has no time frame for when you are to stop taking the drug. At least, do plenty of research, and get second and third opinions before taking any maintenance drug.

    Another thing to look into, is what you are eating. Most of the food in this country is either void of nutrients or has additives or pollutants in it or comes from unhealthy, uncared for animals. This is for another discussion.

  • Re:Cool, but... (Score:3, Interesting)

    by RsG ( 809189 ) on Wednesday May 24, 2006 @08:48AM (#15393175)
    Well, to point out the obvious, long term PVS leads to degradation of the brain. In the Schiavo case that's being brought up in this thread, what remained of her brain had severly atropied, and much of the higher brain centers had been replaced with spinal fluid.

    If someone's family memeber were brain dead, then waiting for a miracle cure might not be an option. After all, if it takes ten years for even a partial cure to become available, then that's ten years in which the afflicted is slipping further and further away. This sort of drug might help someone who gets hit by a car tommorow, but it probably won't do much good for someone who got hit by one years ago and has been dead to the world since.
  • by RsG ( 809189 ) on Wednesday May 24, 2006 @09:32AM (#15393447)
    I don't know whether that plasticity would return or not. Actually, if we could restore a braindead person, then giving them back all the mental maeliability they had as an infant would probably be trivial. The real pain would be rehab; imagine trying to re-teach everything - absolutely everything - a person learns in their childhood all over again.

    As for the pruning thing, that is a very interesting question. I guess we could probably do it if we could pull off all the other miracles we're talking about in getting a braindead person healthy. The problem might be testing it - this is not the sort of thing you can easily test on animals, and the ethical problems with human trials would be a big hurdle.

    The funny thing actually is that if we had the techology to cause neurological plasticity and neuron pruning, we'd probably ban it, fear it, or at least put heavy restrictions on it, given the abuses that could come out of it. Can you imagine what a totalitarian government would do with a way "reeducate" dissidents? We've already got people up in arms over GM tech, stem cells and human cloning, and those are all relatively minor by comparison.
  • by localman ( 111171 ) on Wednesday May 24, 2006 @10:12AM (#15393783) Homepage
    You sanctamonious types are all mouth.

    I'd have to agree with this. Members of my own family flipped out over the Terry Schiavo thing, calling it murder. And this was after they had pulled the plug on my grandmother for being in a similar state after a stroke. This was back in '91 and she was in PVS for only a couple weeks. All I had to do was remind them and they shut up. Around me, anyways... they'd still go on preaching to others who didn't know they had made the same decision for their own loved ones.

    Cheers.
  • by dzogchen ( 200579 ) on Wednesday May 24, 2006 @10:12AM (#15393793)
    My eldest child has an undiagnosed condition that has left her unable to walk, talk, move, eat etc. The condition developed gradually and doctors say that the problem seems to be in the brain stem. I gather that GABA affects the working of the brain stem.

    Does anyone have a link to the actual paper, or more info on this? I hesitate to grind up an Ambien and put it in her G-tube, but even the thought of something that might help her brings tears to my eyes as I write this. You have no idea what it is like to watch your child essentially disintegrate right before your eyes -- it's been 18 years of torture.

    Thanks in advance for any help.
  • by Kadin2048 ( 468275 ) <slashdot.kadin@xox y . net> on Wednesday May 24, 2006 @10:25AM (#15393919) Homepage Journal
    Back when the Schiavo thing was going on, somebody made what I thought was a reasonably apt computer analogy. I'll paraphrase as best I can (and apologies to whoever originally came up with it).

    Being comatose is like a computer crashing. It can happen for a variety of reasons, hardware (injury) or software (psychological), and sometimes it's fixed by letting the system reboot itself (persn sits there until they wake up).

    PVS is a lower-level issue. It's like having a device get bricked because the firmware gets hosed. Some low-level stuff might work, and the hardware might or might not be okay, but nothing's running on it.

    The Schiavo case was like opening up a computer's case, and realizing that somebody's stolen the CPU, RAM, and motherboard, and replaced everything with the contents of the small-electronic-parts drawer at Radio Shack. You can try to reboot or re-flash that thing all you want, but it's never going to come back on.

    I'm sure there's probably a bad car analogy in there somewhere, too.
  • by molo ( 94384 ) on Wednesday May 24, 2006 @11:06AM (#15394289) Journal
    Couldn't they have done an MRI while she was alive and found this? Or maybe a Functional MRI? I don't understand why this wasn't detected earlier.

    -molo
  • Re:just kill me (Score:4, Interesting)

    by vertinox ( 846076 ) on Wednesday May 24, 2006 @11:57AM (#15394801)
    So hey, why not wait a few more years and risk being "revived"?

    Judge: "All in favor of waiting a few years of being alive say "Aye""

    Doctors, Nurses, Lawyers, and Culture of Lifers at the bedside: "Aye!"

    Judge: "All those opposed... Say "Nay!""

    Patient: "..."

    Judge: "The "Ayes" have it!"
  • by Keebler71 ( 520908 ) on Wednesday May 24, 2006 @12:09PM (#15394910) Journal
    I was labeled as being mentally ill when I was 18, and have taken between 8-10 different maintenance drugs to help me "manage" my condition. Well, between 6-8 of those drugs are documented for making me worse, which is what I said word for word the last time I saw my doctor. So, he gave me another handful of drugs, that I never took and I threw in the trash. I have altered my diet, and am taking quality (read, not Centrum or anything like that) vitamins, herbs, and supplements, and I'm essentially symptom free, and I have had friends and coworkers comment on how much better I seem.

    Quite a rant about the state of pharmaceuticals... have you considered breaking out Occam's razor [wikipedia.org]? Perhaps you're original diagnosis was wrong and you've been fine all this time? That would explain why the meds made you worse and also explain why something as simple as diet modification worked.

  • Zolpidem/Ambien (Score:2, Interesting)

    by nincehelser ( 935936 ) on Wednesday May 24, 2006 @04:23PM (#15397116)
    I suppose it depends on the patient's current condition and dosage, but my experience with Zolpidem (Ambien) is that it really messes with your head, particularly your memory. So, if it brings somone out of a vegatative state, will they be able to remember it? It might make them more communicative, but what's the point if you can't retain the memory?

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