That was a quote pasted directly from the Psychology Today article linked, but a quick google shows you're right, no support for that statement. Possibly the phrase "usage rules" (PT's phrase, not mine) meant recommended practice (at the time the article was written) and is not legally binding.

Wave power is generating electrical power from energy that's already present in the ocean. If you don't use it to generate electrical power, it will eventually turn into heat from damping anyway.

Has someone been putting something in the water? That's the second 4-digit UID I've seen in the last few days - and I've barely touched the Slash for months.

'non planet' is called a 'Plutoist'?

To quote the paper's Abstract (becasue I haven't got to reading the body yet ; nobody has raised a point that has needed me to read that far, yet :

A stellar occultation by the ~ 250-km-radius plutino (612533) 2002 XV93 on

And :

Our findings indicate that a fraction of distant icy minor planets can exhibit atmospheres possibly caused by ongoing cryovolcanic activity or a recent impact event of a small icy object.

This is a "small icy object" (they don't even waste consideration on it being a "dwarf planet" or not ; it's probably not particularly spherical, but with only 2 chords and a non-chord, it's hard to say what the actual profile is) which has a "plutino" class of orbit (meaning : 3:2 orbital resonance with Neptune).

Oh, it's you, Angel ; I don't remember you being a particularly "Pluto is Planet IX" obsessive. Or are you just prodding the hornet's nest to elicit amusing buzzing sounds ?

Since both tails (orbit of Pluto ; orbit of (612533) 2002 XV93) are wagged by the dog of Neptune's orbit, and are constrained (and adjusted) by orbital resonance to stay very close to 3/2 of Neptune's orbital period, then both of their average orbital speeds will be similarly constrained by Neptune's orbital speed.

There will be a variation between the perihelion speed and aphelion speed, but that will average out over the orbit. Check Kepler's Laws.

It's a paper aimed at professionals in the field (or at least, trainee professionals in the field), not a Wikipedia page or an introductory textbook for American school pupils.

You know, I bet you didn't read a word of the paper. Not even far enough to note the "Abstract" section, and the football team (OK - volleyball team?) of author names and institutions. Which are rather give-aways for something being a paper, not a magazine article.

Thank you - I was just setting up to do exactly that.

I think the F-T process was used in wartime Germany, for the reasons you give, but only for military vehicles. (The German war in the East used more horse-drawn transport in WW2 than it did in WW1.)

There was experimentation during WW2 in Britain with coal + water + heat -> "synthesis gas" (a variable mixture of CO and H2, depending on reaction conditions) which would be stored in big rubber bladders on top of the vehicles. Too bulky, too short a range. Inefficient. But it turned out to be unnecessary due to advances in IT - the well-known "enigma" story.

It (F-T synthesis) was also used, at scale, in Apartheid-era South Africa due to oil boycotts. Same problems.

Nowadays with enough energy it can also be done without needing coal to gassify

You still need a carbon source. Whether it be week-old harvest plants cycling atmospheric carbon, or 300 Myr old tree-ferns cycling atmospheric carbon - same difference.

There does seem to be a marked increase in volcanic activity lately, but that might be because we are now in the Age of Data Acquisition and and doing a lot more [monitoring] of everything.

The former is, at best, an extremely partial reading of actual trends, which no geologist I've worked with would consider even vaguely credible. For, largely, the reasons you append.

Now, you may have a perception of seeing more reporting of volcanic activity across your lifetime. And when you reach your 100,000th birthday, and have detailed notes, maybe geologists then will start treating your anecdote as if it were data. When shall I schedule a meeting for that? And will you use an optical device, DNA, or chipped stone tablets to record your data? I'll need to build a reader.

Side-thought - time to do some boundary-stretching experimentation with Thunderbird's calendar.

Who is going to pay you for winning that bet when homo sapiens is gone?

peon-Elon will cash my betting slip at CryptoBank. It'll be immortality, but not as he craves - his daughter will be his line manager, and you know how much he fears dealing with that.

"sapience" as a trait of individuals, or as a property of the species as a whole? The word itself is ambiguous.

Cats are notoriously sapient - more so than many humans, perhaps - but also generally solitary animals after adulthood. So the concept of them behaving as a species, at all is quite challenging if not flat-out irrelevant.

The fact of [some || most] individual humans being sapient is unchallenged (well, by most people ; my neighbour upstairs being an exception). But sapience in the case of societies, groups, civilisations - that requires so many more things such as information distribution (a.k.a "education"), inter-person communication ... a much more complex question.

The same questions apply to previous human species, but with poorer quality information. (On days when I'm a taxonomic "lumper", I doubt that there have ever been two reproductively isolated species of human on the planet (excepting by accidents of geography) ; on Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays, when I'm a taxonomic "splitter", I look at the sexy Nazi bitch in the flat upstairs and think "I could have sex with her - good sex. But reproduce? - Not a chance!"

Ketamine is a Schedule III controlled substance: having accepted medical benefits but abuse potential. Usage rules mandate that the drug cannot be taken at home. Patients are observed at least two hours after receiving the agent and typically receive psychotherapy and other treatments for depression.

https://www.psychologytoday.co...

Quoting Gerard Sanacora, M.D., Ph.D. Director of the Yale Depression Research Program and Co-Director of Yale’s interventional psychiatry program: “Large amounts of data suggest that your ability to make rational, correct decisions is completely disrupted when you take ketamine, as long as it’s in your system... People can hear things, see things, feel things differently. The physiological and psychological reasons are the main reasons the FDA declared Spravato [Ketamine] safe only in a health care facility under supervision.”

Yes, it's the albedo, and also yes, too small to have a significant effect compared to the main driver, the greenhouse effect..
The summary actually states this:

If the latest estimates are right, Shindell said, microplastics might not be an enormous source of atmospheric warming, compared with massive contributors such as cars and trucks, belching industrial plants or even burping cows.

But then undercuts that with

"But not a trivial one, either," he said.

Spoiler: yes, it's trivial.

Are you saying that because the experiment from over 30 years ago looked at increases in CO2 of 167 ppm and 334 ppm over the then ambient level, the results will be inapplicable to the increase of 150 ppm that we have today over preindustrial levels, because that number is tiny?

â¦. that I applied for a job like this which required a work permit (not even a residency permit) the company wanting to bring me in had to submit (under pain of perjury) their reasons for wanting me, and also prove that they had advertised repeatedly in the region and across the nation for qualified candidates and why those respondents were unsuitable.

Which was a steep test - but myself and two other colleagues succeeded in getting the work permits, and about 6 months work. After which I went to Tanzania, Steve back to the North Sea, and Abigail to a job in Italy, IIRC.

To "senators". People in the "Executive Branch", cabinet, presidents, etc *need* the incentive of personal profit to strive to do their fucking job - for which they get paid by the People.

We had this argument in the 1840s or so - when salaries were introduced for parliamentarians so that you didn't have to be independently wealthy to have a voice in government. They are employees, and unless they're on below-minimum wage, are not allowed to hustle for tips while serving their employers.