Research, critical thinking, communications, and debate, along with basic accounting and economics, would be on my wish list of nice to haves for K-12. Also, bring back the vocational classes - wood shop and auto shop, drafting, etc. I would love to see CAD being taught in conjunction with the use of additive and subtractive manufacturing.
My impression is that K-12 lags badly in terms of teaching the basics you listed of reading, writing, and arithmetic - and given these are foundational skills, it is not surprising that an increasing amount of post K-12 education is now focused on remedial coursework: https://nces.ed.gov/pubs2016/2...
This is a problem not only for post-secondary education and the needs of a modern workforce - this is also a problem for a modern military:
https://apnews.com/article/arm...
Covid-related issues aside, I don't know why things have gotten so bad. Supposedly the whole point of standardized testing was to enforce a minimum standard for each cohort as they progressed through K-12... but there are apparently a number of issues with that:
https://ascd.org/blogs/15-reas...
My take on why standardized testing as a metric for minimum standards is problematic:
* Infrequent - you wouldn't wait until your project was ready to be delivered before running the tests, right? Big bang tests that are administered at the end of the year provide less value to the student/teacher (no correctable feedback because of the delay between when the test is administered and when the score is received).
* Artificial - in order to generate a "normal" distribution, the questions are designed for average students. Pick the "best" answer. They also take a lot of effort to generate, which then creates the need for secrecy to avoid invalidating your existing test question pool.
* Curriculum is tailored specifically to the test, crowding out information that is applicable in real life in favor of items that will pass the test ( https://www.washingtonpost.com... )
* Students cheat ( https://www.edutopia.org/artic... )
* Teachers cheat ( https://www.newyorker.com/maga... )
Personally I think the only test that should be administered is a graduation test, and that should be optional. As in - you're allowed to take the graduation test at any point before you graduate, and if you pass, you are no longer subject to compulsory K-12 education and can leave.