Europe wants to have digital sovereignty, but the reality is its tech sector has lagged far behind in innovation. Why is there no Apple or Google of Europe? Having worked with many startup founders in the US and several in Europe, the conclusion I've come to is: it is infinitely more difficult to create a tech startup in Europe than the USA. Regulations around employment make it very hard to recruit for a startup, people stay at their jobs as it's far harder for them to get hired and fired than in the US. If you're not a well-connected descendent of the aristocracy or nobility, raising money is far more difficult as well. Silicon Valley has two things Europe won't do: Unenforceability of most noncompetes, and overtime-exempt at-will employment. As brutal as these things can be, they're core institutions that resulted in successful tech startups.