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Comment Re:data || GTFO (Score 1) 55

If you go old enough, you have to take into account that memory bandwidth was terrible.

On a Pentium 1, I believe RAM can do somewhere around 100MB/s. And sure, it gets better later, but still. If you consider that a serious RAID-5 for instance, you're reading at a minimum 3 drives, and computing parity, then yes, you can easily take most of your memory's bandwidth just on that. It makes a lot of sense then to offload stuff to a RAID card.

These days hard disks are laughably slow compared to the rest of the computer, but it didn't use to be quite like that. A high end SCSI drive of the era might do maybe 20 MB/s, which is a good fraction of the system RAM's capability. Put just 3 there and it's starting to get tricky.

Also, we have the benefit that some slowness stopped to matter. If you're RAID5-ing 3 x 8GB/s NVMes and not getting the ideal performance out of it there's lots of cases where that doesn't matter because you don't have a workload capable of doing anything with what even a single drive is capable of providing anyway.

Comment Re: America is a 25% functional unemployment (Score 1) 191

My perspective is that they're trying to get the same talent for less money. If it didn't save money compared to doing something else, or if they didn't at least think it did, they wouldn't do it. This isn't even complicated, it's business.

It used to be that business worked with education in order to foster the kinds of skills that would be needed in the future, then trained employees for specific jobs as needed. But the quality doesn't drop enough for the average customer to notice when they use the current method of firing long-term employees in favor of some new guy who has the new thing on his resume already. This is the only thing needed to explain why it's all outsourcing and H1Bs. Nobody wants to invest in a country any more, all of the corporations think they're above such petty things... until a war starts for economic reasons they caused.

Comment Re:data || GTFO (Score 1) 55

So, at first when they were introduced they were faster, because they used cores comparable to your CPU. That's why they were expensive. Then cheaper ones were introduced, they did less of the work, they were slower. In that case more of the "RAID" magic is happening in the driver instead of on the card. But expensive RAID controllers with full offloading were still fast. Eventually our CPUs got to be fast, and now software RAID is usually faster.

In the case of hwraid vs swraid, there is another reason not to use the hwraid — your devices get married to that controller. There are utilities which can convert the data to work with another controller, but what a hassle.

Anyway yes this technique currently requires a CXL controller, it seems as though it is really just a way to reduce the latency penalty for using one.

Comment Re:Think smaller (Score 1) 55

Seems like that would be entirely false.

Sure, if you have no experience and want to share your feelings about it.

Embedded and constrained systems are where a proper amount of RAM is easiest to provide directly.

This is a matter of perspective. Where you're shipping many units and want to save money, it can easily be false, as it was in both of my examples.

How does one know where they "need ZRAM" and where they don't?

man free

Comment Think smaller (Score 2) 55

ZRAM and Zswap are used all over the Linux ecosystem, even on machines as constrained as the Steam Deck

The technique is especially useful on even more constrained systems, like embedded controllers in 3d printers and such. The only places I've ever needed ZRAM were on a phone with 512MB and on my 3d printer with 256MB.

Comment Re: America is a 25% functional unemployment (Score 1) 191

I say BS.

Yes, that's pretty much all you say.

if you are unable to beat out the bottom 25% of workers in your pursuit of a better job, then I'd say you probably *couldn't* do the job of an H1b worker.

I see you've never been involved in hiring. I'm not surprised, I wouldn't involve you either.

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