Failing audits is frankly independent from failing programs. The audits usually have problems tracking money flows and then property within the government. The contractor's expenditures are closely monitored. That doesn't mean they're in-line, but they're auditable. And when the audit discovers problems, there are ways for the government to respond. I've seen those applied rather frequently.

One common pattern is a program starts down the wrong path, and blows initial cost/schedule/performance. But that capability is needed badly (often because its predecessor program didn't deliver). So the Service piles on more requirements and 'readjusts the baseline' for additional funding, because "if we don't get it in this Program of Record, it'll be at least a decade before we can start a new Program of Record to get what we need." That just adds requirements to something that is already behind. If I had to guess what happened here, I bet there's some of that flavor over the execution. In my experience, most programs started with the combination of unachievable or under-specified requirements AND unachievable/unrealistic schedule.

(A 'Program of Record', by the way, consists of an approved requirements document, an approved POM budget for the next 5 years showing the RDTE money, the OPA purchasing money, and the OMA maintenance money FOR EACH FISCAL YEAR. If you run out of RDTE money but haven't finished the design, you're in trouble. The third element is the approved procurement strategy, that says how you'll buy it. That includes the kind of contract, firm fixed price or cost plus, the kinds of oversight, when and how prototypes will be delivered and tested, etc.)

Aerospace (and other FFRDCs like MITRE) exist to prevent massive failures like this. I wonder what the Aerospace corporate explanation is. I know from working at another FFRDC that often the worker-bees know the program is heading to disaster, but the managers won't carry the bad news to the customer. Other times, the bad news is delivered, but the government manager decides to carry on anyway. That can be due to pressure within the Service ("Don't f**k this up!, Colonel!"), or pressure from the contractor ("Trust us, these problems are temporary.")

The causes are often requirements instability, overly ambitious/unimplementable/unrealistic requirements, impossible initial schedule ("1 month to make the baby with 9 women"), technology problems (immature technology, vendors can't deliver as promised), and occasionally manufacturing/assembly/integration problems. And of course, substantial amounts of the functionality is in software, and this community knows the ways software projects can go south.

It's no consolation to this project,, its leadership, prime contractors, and customer community, but the last major project I worked on failed at 2 1/2 times the sunk cost of this one.

Well, that does mesh with the article about "maybe we should start charging for Open Source".... https://developers.slashdot.or...

Exploding washing machines: https://www.consumerreports.or... See also https://www.elliott.org/?s=sam... Consumer issues with Samsung where help was needed to resolve the issue.

Given both the quality issues and the enshittification issues, I don't know why anyone would buy Samsung -anything-.

You know, it's funny. During the 2 1/2 years I lived/worked in Canada (British Columbia, under an NDP provincial government), I had the same view of Canadians and their politicians. What I observed was how the party in power was enabled to rule without many constraints. At that time, the US legislative gridlock made me tell my Canadian friends, "Better no government than bad government." But with Trump's success issuing EOs, Congress' willingness to go along, and the active support of the Supreme Court, we have the "party in power can rule" of a Parliamentary system withOUT the ability to rapidly change that government through no-confidence votes.

I'm still not a fan of Parliamentary systems, but I think the current US system is badly broken, with multiple contributors to the political failures.

System crash/panic with reboot? Or just application abnormal termination?

https://storage.courtlistener....

IANAL, but it sure seems to me the administration lost on all of the claims (except for one or two where the judge said, "I don't need to go here, because I've already made it moot.")

Now there's still the other case on this, which is in the DC Court of Appeals, addressing one specific law where the recourse is that venue. Briefs are due in April, so the first hearing will probably be in May. Track that case here: https://www.courtlistener.com/...

I hate all of this sales pressure BS - that the instant anyone hears your name you have to try to "convert" them to sales - and I literally run a webstore.

It's all so deeply anti-consumer, and I want no part in it.

Firstly, I see you have this notion that martian rocks must all be igneous.

You're not talking about rock, you're talking about regolith.

Depending on where the regolith is sourced

Regolith is not "sourced", it's blown across the whole planet. It's not simply "whatever the underlying strata is made out of".

But, since we are playing 'name the ignorance' in this exchange, your attestation stat perchlorate is 0.5% liberatable oxygen says 'Say i'm ignorant of basic chemistry without saying i'm ignorant of basic chemistry, and am bad at reading too.' The 0.5% statistic comes from the publication at bottom, and is the proportion of the regolith that is perchlorates.

I am the one who mentioned that regolith is 0.5% perchlorates, not that "perchlorates are 0.5% oxygen". *facepalm*

"Saying we'll get oxygen from the 0,5-1% of a poison in martian regolith, rather than bulk ice or CO2, is..."

For God's sake, learn to fucking read.

Washing the regolith to remove the perchlorate is a requirement for *any* other use of that regolith

Which is why you shouldn't be celebrating its existence. It is a problematic contaminant, not a resource.

As you have rightly pointed out, the water ice on mars is more 'frozen mud'. Cleaning the melt is going to be a necessary first step to using it *regardless*. That means either vacuum distillation, thermal distillation, or reverse osmosis filtration. Again, NOT OPTIONAL. This is necessary equipment that you need to bring, regardless.

And this just to get water, the most basic of offworld resources. And all of that equipment (especially the mining hardware itself) requires maintenance and spare parts, which impose more dependencies. And the TRL for use on Mars is low regardless.

You've gone from talking up the ease of operating on Mars to talking it down, yet your self-righteousness hasn't shifted at all in the process.

RO filtration is the least energy intensive of these.

Except, it isn't. 0,5-1% perchlorates. RO typically removes 90-95% of perchlorates. So you're down to ~500ppm. Human safety levels** are in the low parts per billion. You're five orders of magnitude off. Yes, you can purify water that far - and the more perchlorates, the easier - but you're talking an over millionfold reduction. It is not at all trivial. You're talking first RO to get it down to levels where it won't hinder bacterial growth, then bioreactor bacterial remediation, then filtration, then RO, then ion exchange. This is not some little, simple system.

** Plants can tolerate much more perchlorates than humans, but they also bioaccumulate perchlorates of exposed to them, so you have to reduce the water to low ppb levels.

The end products are clean water and perchlorate contaminated mud, and clean mud, with contaminated water.

Viola! *eyeroll*

And your "plan" for dealing with waste perchlorate doesn't just magically produce pure O2 and NaCl in the real world. First off, molten sodium perchlorate, which is what it becomes before it decomposes, is an extremely corrosive oxidizer. Exactly what are you planning to make the furnace out of, platinum? Secondly, you never get perfect decomposition. Apart from residual perchlorates, you have residual sodium chlorate, which is also corrosive, and is a literal herbicide. And your gas stream will contain contaminant chloride and chlorine dioxide, which, news flash, you don't want to breathe.

There is no way on Earth anyone would ever prefer this to just conducting electrolysis on the water that you've already purified.

Sometimes can make you sick!

There's more to it than just 'smaller'. Cellphone OS are designed to provide a smaller attack surfaces. They provide less access (iOS provides no conventional user-visible file system) in exchange for that security.

But consider: Here an iOS vulnerability makes headlines. A new Windows vulnerability is just "meh".

I find it interesting that some here would want operating system vendors to be legally liable for security vulnerabilities? Will they also accept legal liability for bugs in their own applications? I've been calling for that for decades, but have been mostly shouted down by people who won't accept that responsibility for their own code. (When I left the job where I wrote real production code, I gave my successor a personal warranty. "If you find a bug, call, and I'll help find and fix it for free." She never called, and years later I talked to her. "No problems reported with that package", which was widely used across the application to glue the user interface to the application logic.)

It's worth noting that Nikola wasn't his first scam, either.

YOO-HOO

He's also a sleasebag who has been credibly accused of sexual assault by three women (and in general being a sex pest to many more). When a former friend (Jonny Robb) threatened to out him over it (it had been gnawing at him for a long time, and he was friends with some of the girls), Milton entrapped him (deliberately switching the topic to money, baiting him into asking for money to stay quiet, knowing that he was poor), then when he got Robb to ask for money, reported him into the police for extortion. Robb - his old friend - committed suicide after being released on bail. Milton rained largesse on local politicians, including the Attorney General's campaign. Milton was never investigated by the AG's office for sexual assault, while they arrested Robb immediately just on Milton's word.

I've talked with people online who knew Jonny Robb, and the universal answer was that he was the kindest person you'd ever meet. He had a hard life, struggled through overcoming depression and addiction, and had a lot of sympathy for others who were struggling as a result. I saw a podcast once where he was a guest, and I remember one of the topics was about a recent event where he was at a fast food restaurant, and there was a homeless lady, clearly mentally ill / schizophrenic, who was in general freaking out the guests and the staff, who didn't know what to do with her, and were probably minutes from calling the police. Robb orders for both himself and for her and sits down and eats with her, chats with her. She's having a great time, having not gotten attention like this in ages, starts joking that he's her boyfriend, etc. After they eat, he walks her out, much to the relief of the guests and staff, heads to a store and buys her a new sleeping bag and stuff. And she looks both simultaneously happy with her nice new stuff, but also terrified, and he suddenly realizes, oh shit, other homeless people are just going to steal this off her. And during the interview, he looked almost like he was going to cry when he said that.

Anyway, he's dead now.

I literally have a BA in horticulture. Regolith is NOT a good choice for hydroponics. Period. Stop trying to pretend it is one. Also, regolith has nothing to do with "shales", and it's not clay minerals either.

The closest thing to industrial hydroponics with it is using it to make rock wool (if the elemental composition is correct) - but you can also use, you know, rocks for that. Rock wool (basalt fibre) is basically air blown / centrifugally-flung lava (artificial Pele's hair) that has been spun. Rock wool actually *is* a common and effective cultivation medium for hydroponic (with the caveat that its reusability is limited, and on Earth we usually don't bother). The problem is that rock wool isn't just basalt. It's basalt + limestone/slag + binders (sprayed into the air to collect and bind the fibres) + other chemical treatments. You may be able to substitute anorthosite or similar for the limestone, but the binders aren't available, so you'd have to come up with new techniques to collect the fibres and make a "knitted" or "sintered" rock wool. As for other chemicals, the full composition of horticultural rock wool usually isn't disclosed (each manufacturer has their own optimal formula to be an ideal substrate), but you generally have to treat the fibres in various ways (as an example, for insulation, which has very different demands, they treat the rock wool with mineral oil)

The statement about bassalt fiber is not meant to be taken in a horticultural context.

"Tell me you've never been in a commercial-scale greenhouse without telling me you've never been in a commercial-scale greenhouse"

Those greenhouse tomatoes that you buy at a store out of season? They're probably grown like this. A TL/DR for you: you start out with rock wool (basalt fibre) plug trays to start your seedlings. You then put one seedling plug each into larger rectangular blocks of rock wool that have holes in the centre for them. When they're ready, you put them into a bagged slab of rock wool (usually a couple per bag), and that's what you produce from. You only maintain a small number of vines from each, regularly pruning off all internode suckers, as you have a fixed space between plants and a fixed amount of root volume so can't have them be expanding outwards (the fixed amount of root volume also means that you have to prune lower leaves to maintain balance). Your vines keep getting longer (and need to to produce more flower/fruit clusters), so when they get to the top of your wire, you incrementally slide them over until they're growing more and more horizontally. When you can no longer slide them over any more or they simply get too long, you remove the plants, toss the rock wool slabs, and start over.

And lastly, if your plan to deal with perchlorates from water is *literally splitting the water with electrolysis*, then you better stop celebrating the existence of this poison on Mars (one poison among many, it should be added - arsenic is higher than on Earth, chromium is commonly hexavalent, etc).