A major advantage of the rail route is speed. The train took just three weeks to complete a journey that takes up to six weeks by sea.
Is that compared to a huge container ship that could not pass through the Suez Canal and therefore has to go around Africa? Going around the Horn will add thousands of kilometres, and therefore time, to the trip. The China-US route is the opposite in that the rail route is 13,000km while the sea route is 7,000km.
It is also more environmentally friendly than road transport, which would produce 114 tonnes of CO2 to shift the same volume of goods, compared with the 44 tonnes produced by the train – a 62% reduction.
I find it interesting that the compare rail to truck and not ship. Ships are known to burn less fuel per ton/km.
I wonder how much it cost to pull this off. With 3 train swaps due to rail gauge differences and 16 engine swaps this would be an expensive trip. That was a publicity stunt as it only involved 30 rail cars. In the arena of Chinese trade 30 rail cars is insignificant. I doubt they could economically do this on a large scale.