Wrong, wrong, wrong.
The only thing that affects the climate is tons of CO2 emitted. It does not matter what the per capita numbers are, that is totally irrelevant. All that has any effect is the total tons emitted. China is emitting more than double the tons the US does, and so its emissions are contributing more than twice as much to climate change.
And they are rising. And it mines and burns more coal than the rest of the world put together. Again, how much per capita is irrelevant to the climate. All that counts is the tonnage.
Ok, now image China were split up into 50 tiny countries. In absolute terms, each one has a small fraction of total emissions, so we shouldn't worry about it at all, despite the same amount of total carbon emanating from that region, right?
Even if China's electricity generation were like 70% renewables, they still might be near the top the list in terms of total tons just due to their absolute size. That's why we user per capita. It's a meaningful way to compare how well differently sized countries are doing in terms of limiting how much CO2 living in that country generates.