Submission + - Microsoft's contribution was TCP/IP (circleid.com) 1
RedZed writes: "By Alec Saunders (CircleID):
It was Microsoft's decision to include IP as a native component in Windows 95 that was the company's seminal contribution to today's computing world. The company didn't invent IP, didn't own any intellectual property in TCP/IP, nor did it profit directly from it. However, by ensuring a relatively bug-free implementation of IP on the dominant operating system platform, Microsoft forced an open, standard and routable networking protocol on the world.
http://www.circleid.com/posts/84259_microsofts_contribution_tcp_ip/"