Boeing didn't fail so much as stopped because they saw a fuel-sucking aircraft that could only carry a handful of passengers as having zero financial viability. Boeing could have built one. Nobody seriously believes France and Britain had access to some secret science that the world's largest aircraft company didn't. They just knew it wasn't viable.
The Concorde consortium, FWIW, felt the same way. The plane we know as Concorde wasn't meant to be the only supersonic airliner when the project started, it was the proof of concept. The consortium basically shut up shop as soon as they got it out the door, making a few of that model and nothing else, because it had no commercial viability. Sure, the UK and France weren't about to enact noise pollution-based limitations on what was seen as a major political symbol, and despite the claims above, Concordes flew from Europe to New York every day. But it had no commercial viability, and larger vehicles wouldn't have had either.
It was a... well, I won't call it a bad idea, because they had every right to expect it not to come out the way it did, but it was a flawed idea. It turns out the implications of supersonic flying were more than just "Needs longer runways and a bit more fuel."