Where in Thailand they eat rice, in Peru it's potatoes. There are over 3,000 varieties of potato (really!) grown in the country, they originated there. They also eat rice, but it's just a side and almost always just the cheap short grain white variety.
One advantage Peru has over Thailand is that they have every climate there, from the Amazon rainforest, up to cloud forest, wet grasslands, tundra, dry grasslands, semi-desert, and down to the irrigated valleys on the coast in the Atacama Desert, the driest in the world. The terrain also kept communities relatively isolated so every area developed its own cuisine depending on what was abundant locally. Now that transportation allows mixing Peru has become a foodie 'Mecca'.