This is not Supreme Court fodder. The Supreme Court typically gets involved when two appeals courts disagree (also called a circuit split).
That is not the case here. The lower courts who have considered this issue all think the Plaintiff loses.
The Plaintiff, a porn company, filed a bunch of identical complaints in federal court in New Jersey, then asked for expedited discovery, which is 'discovery before you are supposed to get it.'
Courts don't like expedited discovery. In the Court's words in this opinion, "expedited discovery is the exception rather than the norm" (citation omitted).
In fact, a prior ruling from a federal court in DC called out in the New Jersey opinion said, 'hey, wait a second, these are bad lawsuits and bad discovery demands. Also, you are bad people.' When the New Jersey court saw that opinion, it said 'wait, hold up, there may be a problem here, hearing time.
So the Court held hearings to determine if the plaintiff had shown a good reason to violate the ordinary rules for how to handle discovery (ex parte hearings on ex parte discovery requests, because the defendants hadn't been identified).
The discovery here was needed to ascertain the identity of the shakedown victims, er, defendants. It involved subpoenas to ISPs. In the DC litigation, the DC court said Plaintiff's subpoenas were overbroad, so apparently in the NJ lawsuits the subpoenas were more specific.
The result of the hearings was that the Court said, 'You drafted your complaints wrong and they suck and should be dismissed, so you don't get discovery.' Dismissal because you drafted a claim wrong happens ALL THE TIME in federal court. (Federal courts are overworked and love dismissing claims at the pleading stage. This is why defendants love removing claims to federal courts.)
The court's backup reason, that 'your inability to identify defendants is not a good enough reason to violate our rules for orderly lawsuits even if you made your subpoenas more specific', is just that, a backup reason.
Generally, you can't appeal 'you drafted your complaints wrong and they suck and you suck too and stop violating our rules for orderly lawsuits' to the Supreme Court. The Supreme Court is stereotypically a bunch of Harvard and Yale graduates who are used to the highest standards of technical excellence and think everyone's writing sucks and would like everything to be neat and orderly. Also, the lower courts here are all agreeing.
Finally, Federal Courts like these shakedown lawsuits like a hole in the head. 'Business friendly' does not mean, 'wants to get in bed with mass-filing porn shakedown lawsuits.'