dismantle the US and turn it into a Latin American shithole look-alike
Stop hyperventilating. Dismantling DoE, which is catastrophically failing as measured by educational outcomes, and trying something/anything else is not going to result in "turn it into a shithole".
States or their subdivisions are responsible for almost all educational policy.
The DOE basically handed out money, particularly to the states who were unwilling to adequately fund their educational systems with their own state taxes.
They also sought corrective action when states were discriminating against disfavored minorities.
Many, particularly Red statists, might not like some of the minorities DOE was defending - which was exactly the point.
As mentioned elsewhere, the Blue vs Red state outcomes can be stark (to the point of resembling your quoted text), and your pointing the finger at DOE is misinformed, or more likely, disingenuous.