http://www.ldsgenealogy.com/ "The LDS Church offers free genealogy software that you can use as you do your genealogy research. It is called Personal Ancestral File (PAF) and is one of the best software programs for genealogy. It helps users organize their family history records. It can produce, either on screen or on paper, family histories, pedigree charts, family group records, and other reports to help users in their search for missing ancestors."

The easiest way to get your math back is to contact the Math department, get a list of Math tutors and work with them to get back up to speed.They will know all the tricks and current books to use.

Would be interesting to hear how this observed mechanism compares to the Gate Control Theory of Pain Control, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gate_control_theory_of_pain

If this is the same mechanism, then treatment modalities from acupuncture to TENS to etc. might be better evaluated and explained.

Well, the definition of pipes varies a bit on different OS's (even among Unix systems), but certainly on Windows you can use named pipes that are message-oriented and won't scramble up messages from multiple clients.

Unix FIFOs (which can be considered a specialized pipe) also support atomic writes if the message isn't longer than the pipe buffer (PIPE_BUF). Typically a client creates a private FIFO and then sends it's path to the well-known server FIFO. Thus a one-to-many (server to clients) capability is created. See UNIX Network Programming, Interprocess Communications Volume 2, Second Edition by W.Richard Stevens, Chapter 4.

How unfortunate that we are forced to even think of these measures.

They advertise it as "up to" and not "at least". It is confusing, but it's not misleading. That's why I've proposed a better transparency standard http://www.digitalsociety.org/2009/09/the-need-for-a-broadband-transparency-standard/.

From the actual PDF:

• ... create two Quality of Service ("QoS") levels for Internet traffic going to and from the cable modem: (1) "Priority Best-Effort" traffic ("PBE"); and (2) "Best-Effort" traffic ("BE").
• During the time that a subscriber's traffic is assigned the lower priority status, such traffic will not be delayed so long as the network segment is not actually congested. If, however, the network segment becomes congested, such traffic could be delayed.
• Given our experience so far, we have determined that a starting point for the upstream Port Utilization Threshold should be 70 percent and the downstream Port Utilization Threshold should be 80 percent. (The term "port" as used here generally contemplates single channels on a CMTS, but these statements will apply to virtual channels, also known as "bonded groups," in a DOCSIS 3.0 environment.) -- (Basically, a "port" is the neighborhood connection.)
• (Given the above) When a subscriber uses an average of 70 percent or more of his or her (individually) provisioned upstream or downstream bandwidth over a particular 15-minute period, that user will be in an Extended High Consumption State.

Simply put, there are four steps to determining whether the traffic associated with a particular cable modem is designated as PBE or BE:

1. Determine if the CMTS port is in a Near Congestion State.
2. If yes, determine whether any users are in an Extended High Consumption State.
3. If yes, change those users' traffic to BE from PBE. If the answer at either step one or step two is no, no action is taken.
4. If a user's traffic has been designated BE, check user consumption at next interval. If user consumption has declined below predetermined threshold, reassign the user's traffic as PBE. If not, recheck at next interval