Comment Mostly parity, but.... (Score 1) 220
I use Windows and Linux a lot, run into this often. For the most part anything I can do on Windows I can do on Linux, and I would love to ditch Windows entirely with all the AI crap being literally the only thing Microslop demonstrably cares about. But I can't quite yet, I find that Linux partisans (of course) vastly overstate how well things work there. You've got to be honest if you really want to catch up and beat Windows for some things.
Things that are just fine on both: Notepad++ on Windows, emacs on Linux. File/Repository compare: nothing beats Beyond Compare. If you want a full integrated dev / debug environment, Visual Studio Code. For term, PuTTY on Windows, ssh/term on Linux. Waterfox and Vivaldi for browser. For (most) office stuff, Libre works. FileZilla for GUI file transfer. Curve Expert Professional for curve fitting. Tixati for heavy duty torrenting. For VPN, Express or Proton (or others). TortoiseGIT on windows, SmartGit on Linux is almost as good. Thunderbird for email. Pcloud and ProtonDrive for cloud storage. Terminal on Windows sucks unless you put clink on it, then it's basically zsh. Media player I use MPC HC and Musicbee on Windows, VLC on Linux. Plenty of options for virtualization on both, Proxmox! Joplin for distributed, organized, notes. Haruneko and PMDL for manga download. Teamviewer or Splashtop for remote desktop. All on both (and most on macOS too)!
Areas where Linux technically has an alternative, but noticeably not as good once you get above a novice level: XYplorer file manager on Windows - Double Commander on Linux works, but not nearly the functionality and UI. I have to do lots of photo editing and manga scanlation, and Gimp is nowhere near as good as Photoshop for those. I've tried, in a 'f@#$ Adobe' mood! Visio on Windows for doing complex charts, layouts, and sequence diagrams - you can use draw.io or LibreDraw, but that's a real step down. I don't feel there's anything on Linux that matches Fences on Windows for desktop control. Nothing on Linux (Irfanview, xnview) is as fast as ACDSee for browsing tons of images. I miss Canva on Linux even if you can cobble together most of it separately.
Where Linux wins: setting up servers. Like getting apache working on new Linux is a breeze, I would never run any servers on Windows by choice (and don't). I really, really like tmux / screen on linux, nothing like that for Windows short of full scale virtualization. zsh or even bash is so much better than DOS batch or powershell scripting (they totally blew that opportunity).
Where Linux really falls down: Not having per-monitor display scaling really sucks. And there's a big lack of proprietary domain tools. Other people in this thread have listed some of the many, many engineering programs that just won't run in Linux. Technically that's the fault of the companies who don't bother porting, but all I care about is that I can't run it on Linux. And I have to use Excel for some hardcore engineering spreadsheets because LibreCalc just can't handle it. And of course the big thing is there are tons of games that won't work in Linux even with Proton.
The good new is that Linux is getting more and more capable of emulating Windows programs, especially on the gaming side. If I can run XYplorer under Wine then it's all good. Proton keeps getting better, especially with Steam Deck and Steam Box driving things. Apparently modern Photoshop can now be run under Wine if you crack it (which I would have no qualms doing). Maybe time for my yearly 'Let's try doing everything in Linux' quest again.