China has spent decades investing in education, encouraging people to become the best they possibly can be. The Chinese have travelled the world to get the best education from the top universities and made good use of that knowledge. The west, particularly the USA, has spent decades dismantling its education, seeing it as an expense to cut, and is now reaping the benefits.
The problem is complacency, western countries looking at themselves, saying aren’t we good, we have universal education for all our citizens, we are so much better than all these poor countries. Imagining that the job is done and this competitive edge would remain forever. Meanwhile countries like China, have been determined to make their mark in the world, instead of saying we are good enough, they have said we can do better.
We in the west might not agree with some of their authoritarian methods, but they have built something that now threatens the dominance of the USA. Incredibly, countries are now looking at China as being a more reliable trade partner than the USA. The balance of power is shifting rapidly in the world today.