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For this sort of pinhole camera, the time involved is 'leave it there for many months. The standard exposure time is a whole year.

Which, of course, is exactly what they will be doing. Make the gas a plasma, and contain it with magnetic and electric fields.

That big rocket is mostly just to put the payload into orbit. Once in a low earth orbit, it doesn't take that much more to take it from there to a different orbit.

This xkcd is probably the best way to grasp the difficulties of 'getting into space".

https://what-if.xkcd.com/58/

Searches for "incapable of producing viable offspring sterile" show many results, and a number of them are straight definitions from biology books. Just one of them is from a book on genetically modified fish

The best solution, and this is in our grasp, is to modify mosquitos so they will produce healthy male mosquitos that carry the modification, and either no female offspring, or sterile female offspring. This will rapidly eliminate a population.

The problem is that you would not be able to contain it - your modified males would spread uncontrollably. Do it worldwide, and we could drive aedes aegypti and the problematic Anopheles species to extinction. The only question left is should we?

Animals that produce offspring that do not survive to adulthood are regularly called 'sterile' in biology.

Because any electric hydraulic pump is going to be slow at pumping fluid, you still need the pressurized accumulator, so you can move your control surfaces quickly when you need to. So the reservoir, pump and the batteries are an additional weight, that you would want to omit if you could.

The reason why you have never seen a total loss pressurized system is that the conditions that call for it are ones that you rarely see - a strong mass constraint (which has to include the power source), and a short time period when it is required. Your plane's system needs to operate over a period of many hours, there is normally a power source on hand (the engine's alternator), and the mass is not really that constrained. Really, a rocket is the only place where a pressurized total loss hydraulic system makes sense.

(Note that this crash could probably have been avoided with more complex programming. The programming could have kept count of how much hydraulic fluid it was using, and driven the fins to neutral before it ran out. This sort of capability - or even just a fluid level sensor - will doubtless be added before the landing system leaves the testing stage. If dealing with early exhaustion of fluid does turn out to be this easy, then the need for the extra mass completely disappears.)

The rocket decelerates quickly during quite a short landing burn, so they would have had a strong effect until the last few seconds. Indeed, the loss of that force as the rocket comes to a stop would have been an important part of the crash - the rocket would have been countering the influence of the grid fins pushing the top of the rocket away from the camera, while tilting the rocket toward the camera to get it back to the platform. Then the rocket slows and that force dies away. Now the rocket has to go from working hard forcing the rocket to tilt toward us against that force, to trying to push it back upright with that force suddenly gone. You can see that it was trying, because the rocket flame is directed away from us, illuminating the far side of the rocket, leaving the near side in darkness.

Nope. Grid fins explain what we see very well.

The fault that caused this failure was the control fins running out of pressurized hydraulic fluid. When this happened, they were driven fully to one side, pushing the rocket over. The engine tried it's best to counter that, but it didn't have a hope.

A fellow fan tried something similar in the Kerbal Space Simulator. I imagine the real flight was very much like this:

http://gfycat.com/PointedWhisp...

Solid booster casings are a very different beast. A solid booster rocket needs to be very strong, because the combustion chamber of a SRB is literally the entire rocket. The whole thing needs to withstand combustion chamber pressure. So it is strong, tough (and heavy), so you can do what you like with it.

A liquid fuel rocket is a much more fragile beast. If allowed to tumble through the atmosphere, or hit the water at parachute speeds, it would be totally destroyed.

Those handful of cameras were either toasted, or the images were washed out by the glare and the mist. There were a good many cameras on the barge, in various places.

The initial reason for not releasing video was that it was dark and foggy, and the video was not fit to release. While this may have been more about controlling the news cycle by forcing the media to use pictures of the successful launch, it is clear that this video required a lot of levels adjustment to make it acceptable, and that has created noise in the image. However, apart from the drops of water on the lens, which is unavoidable, the quality is quite good.

The fact that the next launch was already going to carry 50% more fluid indicates that they had an idea that there might not have been enough. That decision about how much fluid was needed would have been made early on, and they could not have fixed it later, as this secondary experiment could not be allowed to interfere with the primary mission.

The engineers monitoring the landing would have seen the fins be driven to hardover and known instantly that they'd run out of fluid (if they didn't have a sensor for that). Elon tweeted that they'd run out of hydraulic fluid within hours of impact.

As others have stated, this was testing anyway.

The pressurized fuel used to gimbal the engines is way down at the bottom of the rocket, and the grid fins are at the top. The engines providing that pressure are not running for most of the descent. For these reasons, you need a separate system at the top for these fins, and a simple pressure-activated total loss system would provide everything that they need (or, at least, would have if provided with a few pints more fluid!)

Elon stated while being questioned last week that the steering fins went hard-over (which means they were driven to their maximum angle) when the fluid ran out. With the fins pushing the rocket over, it didn't have much hope of landing. And, yes, a pressurized accumulator is the most likely design of this system.

/u/DixieAlpha over at reddit programmed a Kerbal Space Program model to try to land with grid fins fixed at 30 degrees. The results were scarily similar to this landing.