3.3KW is a joke. On my model S, charging it to full at 10KW takes over 10 hours if it's empty. Most people don't drain their battery to zero and don't charge to 100% so it's fine for night time charging. I had no issues using at 5.7KW using my dryer outlet for most stuff, but 3.3 can be painful. Most public chargers I have used are 32A at either 208 or 240v, around 6.6KW. My father has a plug-in hybrid car with a 3.3KW charger and it's rather painful due to how slow it charges. At home I now use a 20KW charger which will fully charge the car in a bit over 5 hours. For my daily driving, around 40-50 miles, my car is fully recharged in about an hour at 20KW. That would change to 6 hours with a 3.3KW charger and if I drive 200 miles it would take almost 24 hours to recharge!

Granted, GM's cars have much smaller batteries, but any serious EV needs more than 3.3KW.

It still has a lower coefficient of drag compared to a Prius or a Volt.

The Model S has a coefficient of drag of 0.24. The Prius is 0.26, the Volt is 0.28 and the Leaf is 0.32.

http://insideevs.com/car-drive...

Even though the Tesla Model S is quite a bit bigger, it is the same as a Prius at 6.2 feet CdA.

Sadly I agree with your comment. As a Tesla owner it's clear that GM and the others just don't get it. There's a reason that the Cadillac ELR failed miserably and that Tesla is eating everyone else's lunch when it comes to EVs. When gas got cheap, sales of the other EVs fell significantly. Tesla still can't keep up with demand yet they do basically zero advertising. They've worked hard to address all of the issues people have with EVs, including range, charging and performance. The people who complain about how long it takes to charge a Tesla don't have any experience with it.

The only reason that the J1772 standard can handle 20KW is because Tesla fought tooth and nail for it. GM and the others would have been happy with a 3.3KW limit. They also should have adopted something like Tesla's standard for fast DC charging rather than the Frankenstein SAE combo plug or ChaDeMo.

When it comes to battery technology, Tesla is years ahead. Their batteries are much higher capacity and much cheaper than what GM is using.. Despite being manufactured by Panasonic, Tesla owns much of the IP in their batteries and has numerous patents on them. Once their gigafactory comes online, Tesla's cost for batteries will drop by at least 30%. Their cost are already the lowest in the industry in terms of $$$/KWh with the highest energy density for automotive grade batteries.

They've addressed the whole chicken vs egg problem with respect to rapid charging. Instead of waiting for people to build level 3 chargers, they are building their own network and locating them based on need, not just at dealerships (i.e. Nissan). Their chargers are also capable of much higher output than most of the other chargers (120-135KW vs 62.5KW (ChaDeMo) or 90KW (SAE combo)). Tesla has already had several years of experience with their superchargers and already has a large network of them along popular routes. By the time the low cost model 3 comes out they will be just about everywhere, even for out of the way places. Right now there are very few SAE combo chargers and they're primarily located in cities and almost none of them are located along major routes, making it impossible to do road trips without long charge times (especially with only 3.3KW charging!). There are some SAE combo chargers in the Bay Area and Los Angeles, but virtually none in between. Meanwhile I have my choice of routes with Tesla's supercharger network where I can drive from San Diego all the way to Edmonton Canada or to the East Coast. ChaDeMo chargers are also usually located in cities and not between them. They also tend to max out between 40 and 62.5KW. Tesla owners with the ChaDeMo adapter are reporting that many of these ChaDeMo chargers overheat and even start smoking, even when it's 0F outside because they can't handle the load, which is quite a bit less than what the Tesla chargers put out. Thankfully it looks like ChaDeMo is dying out.

Their skateboard design also helps maximize interior and cargo space compared to big humps under the seats and down the center of the car. They redesigned the car from the ground up for their Model S rather than taking an existing gasoline design and converting it to electric. I've taken my Model S places that would be impossible for just about any other EV except maybe the Roadster, and the ease of road trips with it becomes easier all the time.

  They also showed that it's possible to design an EV with a low coefficient of drag that isn't butt ugly or looks weird.

The problem with GM is their marketing is so conservative that they compromise everything all to hell which is why GM's cars are ugly, have limited charging and limited range. I have little doubt that there won't be much comparison between the Tesla Model 3 and the GM Bolt. I think Bolt is what the customers will do when they compare the two.

My experience driving my Tesla for two years is that the whole range anxiety thing is disappearing very quickly. I just got back from a trip from the Bay Area to Reno and back. In every case where I stopped to grab lunch or dinner my car was fully charged before I finished my meal. In one case I stopped just to make a quick pit stop and pick up a 6-pack of cider and by the time I returned to my car I had added another 40 miles of range, and the only reason I stopped was I had to stop, not my car. I had my choice of places where I could stop too as well as a choice in routes I could take. The car also tells me how much range I will have once I reach the destination and will route me to superchargers along the way if needed. This is a vast improvement over a year ago when I made the same trip. A year ago there was one supercharger that was somewhat off the route. I had to go to Folsom to charge then switch over to highway 80. I arrived in Reno with around 20 miles of range left. This time the software was updated to automatically take the superchargers into account. By the end of this year it looks like 5, 101 and 395 will be well covered for north/south and by next year 99 will also be covered. I can also charge at just about any RV park that has power hookups and Tesla has been seeding 20KW chargers at many hotels in vacation areas like Carmel and Monterey. By the time their low cost car will be available you should be able to drive just about anywhere.

The time for charging is not the big deal people make it out to be. In most cases there are places to eat or shop close by.

On the return trip I stopped in Truckee to grab a quick bite at a Panda Express. Before I finished my car was fully charged. I could have driven a lot further but I was hungry. Later I stopped in Manteca to charge and eat and again, my car was fully charged well before I finished eating. Charging is not like filling up with gas. When filling up my gas car I need to get out of the car and stand there filling it up. There is no reason to stay at the car while it is charging although you could. It's also a chance to stretch your legs and use the money you would normally spend on gas on food or other things.

I agree. It also just goes to show how far behind GM is compared to Tesla. I've had my Tesla Model S for over two years and I have to say that GM's response has been pathetic at best. Their Cadillac ELR was supposed to be the Tesla killer, it failed miserably. Tesla is years ahead when it comes to battery technology, having much higher energy density at much lower cost. Tesla's skateboard design is also much better when it comes to interior room and storage space.

Saying a 3.3KW charger is adequate is a joke. The only reason that it's even possible to go up to 20KW with the SAE J1772 connector is because Tesla fought hard for it. I have a 20KW charger at home and it comes in handy. Sadly few public charging stations come anywhere near that, though most I've used will handle at least 6KW (30-32A, 208/240V) and the RV hookups are often 10KW (40A, 240V). Usually I rarely bother to use the public charging units unless they're free since it's cheaper to just charge at home where I can charge at 80A, 240V which adds around 55 miles of range per hour. The one time I had to use a public charging station to reach my destination it was painful since it only added 18 miles of range per hour so I was stuck an hour waiting until I had enough range to reach the Gilroy supercharger. Fortunately it looks like by the end of the year they'll have a spot around Monterey.

GM also has no real answer to Tesla's supercharger network which is years ahead of anyone else. I just used it a few days ago to travel from the Bay Area to Reno. In every case, it took longer for me to eat lunch or dinner than it took for my car to charge. Hell, I added 40 miles of range (which I didn't even need) when I stopped in Truckee just to use the restroom and pick up a 6-pack of hard cider at Safeway. Tesla's network is building out very quickly (go to their supercharger site to see). I made the same trip to Reno last year but this year there were 4 more superchargers along the route. Last year I had to make a short jog over to Folsom to charge, this year I had my choice of places along the route. Right now there are multiple routes across the country. I can drive all the way from San Diego to Edmonton, Canada or anywhere along the East Coast. By the end of this year it looks like most of the major north/south routes in California will be covered, 5, 101 and 395 and by the end of next year 99 will also be covered. They have also been helping seed a lot of hotels around the country with 20KW chargers in a lot of the vacation spots.

As far as batteries go, Panasonic may be manufacturing Tesla's batteries, but Tesla owns much of the intellectual property of their batteries and holds numerous patents on them. The Tesla batteries are quite a bit cheaper with a higher energy density and they seem to be fairly reliable as well.

Tesla has also shown that it's possible to create a car with a very low coefficient of drag that isn't butt ugly. I say this as a former Prius owner.

Which is funny, since Tesla has one of the lowest coefficient of drag of any commercial vehicle sold, which just goes to show that you don't have to be butt-ugly to have a low coefficient of drag.

That reminds me of the first accident I was in. I was 16 and had only been driving for around a year (6 months with a license) when while driving home from school the car in front of me suddenly changed lanes without warning. In front of me was a car stopped to make a left turn over a pair of double yellow lines (clearly illegal). The car I drove (one of my parent's cars, a 1970 Toyota Corona) had really crappy brakes, they were supposed to be power brakes, but I think Toyota forgot the power part. With every ounce of strength I managed to stop in time (it was impossible to make the wheels lock up, the brakes were that crappy!) but the car behind me wasn't so lucky. He hit me, forcing me into the car in front (who should never have stopped there to begin with). When the cop arrived the first thing he said was I was at fault, likely because I was 16, until it was shown that the only reason my car got sandwiched was due to the driver behind me and the stupid woman who stopped to make a left turn there. So even though I rear-ended the car in front of me, I wasn't at fault. I hated that car but the damned engine wouldn't die on it.

This reminds me of my grandmother who drove with a suspended license and Alzheimers. She'd get lost driving around the block and my grandfather wasn't much better. Hell, she even got a new car when the dealership convinced her to trade in her old car because the check engine light came on for only a few hundred dollars, even though she didn't have a valid drivers license and obviously wasn't all there. Thankfully the police were finally able to put a stop to her driving and we were able to commit her to a place where she could get the proper care. We didn't know (but suspected) that she was driving and the way the laws are it can be difficult to stop. When she showed up at the retirement home where my grandfather was staying they called the police because they knew she shouldn't be driving and she got belligerent, suddenly making it a lot easier to get her committed and take away her keys for good.

4 out of 48 is useless. You need to look at the number of miles driven. I suspect that these cars drive a lot of miles. A more meaningful metric is how many accidents per 100K miles driven. Also one needs to look at who was at fault for the accident and if it was avoidable. In two of the four cases, the cars were not under autonomous control at the time. I suspect that when all of the data is taken into account that the cars are safer than average.

I saw a pedestrian get hit because of this. The pedestrian waited until the sign said "don't walk" and the light for cross traffic turned green before she proceeded to walk across the street. One lane had a line of cars, the other lane was free and the light was green for some time while we waited. The pedestrian stepped right in front of a truck who had the right of way. Fortunately two of the people in the car I was in were EMTs. It was a clear case of the pedestrian being at fault. A few weeks later the exact same thing almost happened but at the last second the pedestrian realized his mistake and ran and missed getting hit by only a few inches.

Even with defensive driving some accidents are unavoidable. I've been in several where I was stopped with nowhere to go. Once I was waiting in traffic at an off-ramp and got side-swiped because the other inexperienced driver panicked when changing lanes. I've been backed into while stopped in a parking lot (despite laying on the horn). I've been rear-ended after being forced to panic stop by an idiot driver who stopped to make a left turn over a double yellow line. The car in front of me suddenly changed lanes, I stopped (barely, I was 16 and my parent's clunker had wish brakes, you wish they'd work), the car behind me didn't. My favorite was when I was driving highway 17 in the Santa Cruz mountains during a heavy rainstorm. A car two cars ahead of me hit the brakes on a curve, lost control and did a 360 spinout, hitting the car in front of me. I avoided him, or so I thought, until his car rear-ended me. That took talent! Fortunately no damage to my clunker.

It depends on the number of miles driven for those four cars and where they were driven. I suspect that those cars are driving a hell of a lot more than your standard driver. You also need to look at where the accidents happened and what the statistics are for that area. Also, who was at fault and could the accident have been avoided? In two of the four cases, the cars were not under autonomous control at the time.

Battery evolution has been moving along at a fairly steady pace averaging around a 5-8% improvement in capacity per year. In addition, the longevity has been steadily increasing and charge times have been steadily decreasing and cost have been dropping fairly rapidly, much faster than predicted.

If you compare today's batteries used in cars compared to those a decade ago there is really no comparison. Today's batteries have much higher capacities, much longer life and at a much lower cost.

http://www.carbonbrief.org/blo...

Here's a chart from 2012. Tesla is selling their grid storage battery packs at around $250/KWh and with the gigafactory the prices will be further reduced. This is the price point where BEVs start to become price competitive with gasoline cars.

http://www.mckinsey.com/insigh...

Battery prices are already at or below where they were predicted to be in 2020 just a few years ago.

http://theenergycollective.com...

On average, battery energy doubles every ten years.

http://kk.org/thetechnium/2009...
http://electronicdesign.com/po...

The Tesla AC induction motor has a fairly flat torque curve to around 6000RPM where it starts to drop off gradually. There are no permanent magnets in the Tesla motor. The synchronous motors seem to drop off faster in their torque curves from what I've seen.

As far as the energy required to build batteries, Tesla's gigafactory will be solar powered. They also last a lot longer than 5 years as has been shown with the original Roadster batteries, which are lasting much better than they expected. The model S batteries are much improved over the original Roadster batteries as well. If they die after 5 years, why would Tesla offer an unlimited mile 8-year warranty. From some of my conversations with Tesla they should last well over 8 years for most people. If the full cycle range were limited to only 3,000 cycles that's still well over 600,000 miles for the 85KWh battery pack since you get well over 200 miles per charge. Owners have already exceeded 100,000 miles and not seen any significant drop in range or performance. Recycling the batteries takes even less energy than it does to produce the batteries using virgin material. The batteries also contain only around 3% lithium. The other materials are pretty common, carbon, cobalt and aluminum.

I agree, that's not a hack. I work on bootloaders and need to directly access low-level hardware registers and whatnot on 64-bit MIPS processors. I only need about a page of assembly code to do things like set up part of the L1 cache as stack memory and initialize a few registers before switching to C code. For some of the registers that require assembly to access we have macros to hide it. I certainly don't consider it a hack. Even inline assembly isn't necessarily a hack since some things require it, such as atomic operations, dealing with caches and stuff like that.