The OS that ships in the cheapy laptops cannot be joined to a traditional domain. User management and policies for these devices cannot be centrally managed. Google's management tools are fantastic.
The OS MS offers on the very low-end devices is a zero-cost version of Windows 8.1 - it is full Windows 8.1 with one difference, it is not allowed for the OEM (Dell, HP, etc) to alter the default search engine from Bing or browser from IE11. The end-user is absolutely free to change default search engine/browser to anything they like.
The OS, as shipped, does not support joining a domain, but an upgrade can be performed to Windows 8.1 Pro without having to re-image the device. Schools that choose to participate in Educational Advantage will have access to the appropriate product keys to do so, along with all needed server CALs, local copies of MS Office 2013, and access to future OS upgrades.
The quad-core Atom processor in most low-cost Win8.1 tablets is well up to the tasks of a tablet, esp. When coupled with 2 Gigs of RAM,but even still, the HO Stream 7, at $100 list price with 1 Gig of RAM is surprisingly useful.