Yes. Clearly written by a human. The automated articles don't have typos.

Probably, yes. If you can station a high endurance drone up high it can cover more ground than a bunch of little ones, and only needs one pilot and a launch and recovery team at an airport somewhere. The little ones each need a launch and recovery team. The secret to making it cost effective is to fire a bunch of patrol teams that it replaces.

It doesn't yet. Presumably you'd need to fire a bunch of the patrollers whose job is done better by one guy with a drone before you saw any financial savings. That's likely to be unpopular though, so instead you argue increased efficacy.

The formula you've quoted is for a particular set of observers in flat spacetime (spacetime near a black hole isn't flat). The Wikipedia article is unclear about what H is, and the link to the Rindler coordinates article doesn't specify either. Also, you have to be careful with the Td(h) formula because it's not giving a simple, straightforwardly intuitive measure of time dilation.

If you look lower down at the "Outside a Non-Rotating Sphere" section, they give another formula:

t0 = tf * sqrt[1-(2GM)/(rc^2)]. The time dilation would be t0/tf, the ratio of time passed for a close observer over a far away observer. The r coordinate isn't quite a classical height (it's a coordinate in the Schwarzschild coordinate system) but it's close enough for intuitive purposes. That function is nonlinear. There's a picture of the curve for Earth's surface and orbit in the Confirmation section, a bit further down. For a black hole the shape would be similar, but the values on the y axis would of course be quite a bit bigger.

You missed the fuel gauge showing the shuttles running out of fuel, detaching, and the main engine still having fuel. There are lots of things in movies to pick on without exercising your nerd rage on the things they got right.

It is pretty close to an on/off thing. Relativistic time dilation is highly non-linear. IIRC it was even in the dialogue that the ship would stay far enough away that the time dilation wasn't too bad, while the shuttle would go down to the planet, where it was severe.

The ship clearly had the engines on when it ditched the shuttles. Disconnecting boosters or fuel tanks when they're expended is a rather well established technique for increasing delta v. They even showed shots of the fuel gauges and the shuttle engines cutting out.

If you mean the scene near the end where they skim the event horizon, you don't need much delta v at all to get out. You're in orbit. If you mean the bit where they stop on the high tau planet and then leave, that's not realistic and various people, including Throne IIRC, have pointed it out and said that bit of a artistic license had to be included - like the the ability of a ship with chemical engines to get to Saturn in a reasonable amount of time and then wander around another planetary system.

Neither have electrons.

There are two popular types of deep ANN at the moment: restricted Boltzmann machines and auto-encoders. RBMs are generative. Autoencoders can also be generative if you train them in a particular way, which works much better so most people train them that way anyway. So you can take an ANN and ask it to draw you a picture of a guitar.

I disagree with the authors of that paper. It seems more likely to me that they've cherry picked particular examples that fool their particular ANN. That's pretty easy to do for humans too - Google "optical illusion." As you point out, there's also the white noise trick. Show a group of people an image of white noise and they'll find all sorts of things in it. Particularly if you ask "you guys don't see the dragon?"

There wasn't a good algorithm for training general deep ANNs until 2006, although convolutional neural networks were an exception to that. It's likely nobody tried it before because computers weren't fast enough and the discovery of layer-wise unsupervised training hadn't made deep networks popular yet.

Your examples are all of established colonies that were longstanding, self-sufficient and successfully rebelled. If you unsuccessfully rebel you end up very much under the jurisdiction of the parent government. Also, you're presumably talking about crimes committed in the colonies by the colonists, not negligence committed by the organizing group who stayed at home.

Sure, if Mars One managed to actually put settlers on Mars, they lived there independently for an extended period of time (decades at least) and then declared their independence both from any Earthly nations AND the Mars One organization, that colony could reasonably be considered under it's own jurisdiction. If a Mars colony member murdered another, since there's no way to ship him home to stand trial, the colonists could basically make up their own legal system.

The real situation is more like a cruise ship sailing into international waters (or an international airline flight). The cruise ship is governed by the laws of it's registry nation and nobody is going to take it the least bit seriously if it declares independence. If that ship sinks due to the negligence of the owning corporation, that corporation and its officials are likely to find themselves under the jurisdiction of any and all nations where they maintain a presence.

Columbus spent a long time gathering and presenting evidence to several monarchs that he had a good chance to succeed. Even then, it wasn't a one way mission. Only after Columbus had gone and returned, and reported that it was possible to survive in the new world, did colonization voyages begin.

I don't know about the US, but you can't do so in Canada. Waivers are more proof that you were informed of the risks, rather than actual waivers of your rights.

That's unlikely to be true. The Outer Space Treaty includes references to UN international law and if it became an issue before a more formal declaration was written up, maritime conventions would probably apply. For private vessels not subject to other jurisdictions, the law of the country they're registered in usually applies. That's usually gotten around with a flag of convenience, so maybe you could register your spaceship in Kiribati or something, after getting them to pass laws in your favour. But then you have to figure out where to launch it from: the countries that have launch facilities generally also have fairly strict laws about space launches, especially when humans are involved.

With the maritime law justification, I don't think there would be many objections if, for example, the US government took legal action against a US company that had sent a bunch of people to die on or enroute to Mars. Particularly not after it was broadcast to the world.

There are lots of ways to compile Python to C. You can just give your code a pyx extension and compile it with Cython, for example. If you want to distribute it to platforms without Python you'll have to use one of the static package makers as well.