You seem confused about how the government works:
1) A big government is what keeps companies in check. More regulations = bigger government. Fewer regulations = big companies have more power. Read up on the Square Deal and President Theodore Roosevelt and see what happens when there are not enough regulations. Monopolies are very, very bad.
2) Copyright and patents came about because it protects the artist/inventor who could be run out of business by someone copying his own creation. The fact that IP law abuses are occurring is a flaw/loophole in the system that can be fixed, but IP law is and has always been about protecting the little guy and they are the only reason the Industrial Revolution could even happen.
3) The term "handouts" is a generally derogatory term and doesn't refer to anything specific. If you're talking about bailouts of companies during the recession, you're again mistaken. The collapse happened in the first place because big systems get too complex for most people to understand, so the few people who did actually understand the house of cards we had set up made off with a ton of money at the expense of a lot of other people.
4) Most of the problems you bring up are with a corrupt government, not a big government. And unlike a corrupt corporation, you have the option to elect people and impeach people in a government (and we will barring some major collapse of the government), and the public sector is required to withstand scrutiny, current NSA bullshit notwithstanding.
I share your current dissatisfaction of how our current elected officials are running things, but I don't think the solution is returning to time that history has demonstrated DOES NOT WORK.