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Submission + - A worrying factor in Ukraine's chaos: 15 nuclear reactors (washingtonpost.com)

mdsolar writes: As Ukraine looks like a country teetering on the edge of an out-right war, there's an important factor to keep an eye on: The country's 15 nuclear reactors.

"There haven’t been many conflicts in states with nuclear power facilities in the past, so we're really entering unknown territory here," said Jeffrey Mankoff, Deputy Director of the Center for Strategic and International Studies' Russia and Eurasia Program. NATO has already shown its concern, sending a small team of civilian experts to Ukraine in April to advise the government on the safety of its infrastructure.

There is a historical component to the anxiety: In April 1986, a reactor of the Ukrainian nuclear power plant at Chernobyl exploded, causing the worst nuclear disaster in history, and a high rate of cancer among emergency workers and people living in the affected areas even today. Chernobyl happened in a time of peace: Today, Ukraine's reactors operate near a war zone.

Closest to the fighting is Zaporizhia Nuclear Power Station, which houses six separate reactors....

There are doubts about the safety mechanisms in place in these power plants. German public broadcaster ARD has warned that "a second Chernobyl disaster will be inevitable if the fighting in Ukraine cannot be stopped." Sergej Boschko, who heads Ukraine's nuclear regulatory agency, told ARD that "no nuclear power plant is protected against military attacks. They are not made for war, they are made for peace."

Nuclear material also presents a problem: ARD reports that 100 containers of burned nuclear fuels were found in the open air 120 miles away from the front line. This waste product is radioactive and dangerous if stored incorrectly.

Submission + - TVA's costly reactor illuminates nuclear challenge (usatoday.com)

mdsolar writes: One of the keys to the Tennessee Valley Authority's efforts to meet strict new rules for reducing greenhouse gas emissions lies behind walls more than a foot thick and beneath more than a half-million pounds of metal.

The walls form a massive concrete containment building at the Watts Bar Nuclear Power Plant where TVA officials say they are on pace to start operating the federal utility's latest reactor in December 2015.

That means Watts Bar could have the nation's first new commercial nuclear power unit to come online in the 21st century. As the second reactor at the plant, it will produce enough electricity to power 650,000 homes.

But the Watts Bar project also illustrates the challenges facing the U.S. nuclear industry. Nuclear plants are expensive, complicated and time-consuming to build. They require huge sums of upfront capital — the new Watts Bar reactor could cost as much as $4.5 billion, nearly double earlier estimates.

Comment Really? China on schedule? (Score 1) 130

China's state-owned reactor builder said the start-up of the country's first advanced nuclear project based on designs by U.S.-based Westinghouse has been delayed further until at least end of 2015 due to tougher safety checks. In an interview to official news agency Xinhua on Thursday, Guo Hongbo, a spokesman at China's State Nuclear Power Technology Corp (SNPTC), blamed the delayed start of the "third-generation" AP1000 reactor on stringent safety inspections after Japan's Fukushima nuclear disaster in 2011. Originally set to start by end-2013, the project in Sanmen in eastern Zhejiang province was already delayed until December 2014. It has now been pushed back at least another year, after design changes and problems with some components. http://uk.reuters.com/article/...

Comment Re:This actually makes sense (Score 1) 258

I don't think a rail car design fixes a leaking cask so the effluent problem is a bit separate. Rail transport will lead to accidents that will probably lead to leaks unless the waste is really immobilized. So, I think we are still at the point "what" rather than "where." I'd just point out that on site transmutation is the most ethical approach to the waste issue. There may be cased where local hazards require transportation before that can be carried out, but short distances using very slow heavy hauling equipment might obviate the need for a train.

Comment Breeder cost (Score 1) 130

Gen II Vermont Yankee is closing because it can't scare up a contract at $0.06/kWh. Gen III Hinkley C will charge $0.15/kWh, two and a half times as much. Going to Gen IV likely scales to $0.40/kWh. It is true that there is only about 85 years of uranium left at the current rate of use, but breeder reactors don't fix that.

Comment Re:Reprocessing? (Score 1) 258

In a meltdown, "Recriticality also may be a concern if the control materials are left behind in the core and the relocated material breaks up in unborated water in the lower plenum." http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/N... Neutrons were detected so perhaps you should revise your views. http://news.slashdot.org/story...

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