1. Euclid of Alexandria, "Elements" (300 B.C.). 2. Archimedes, "The Works of Archimedes", (ca. 250 BC), translation by Thomas Heath, Dover Publications (2002). [First mathematical physicist on record]. 3. G. Galilei, "Discorsi e dimostrazioni matematiche intorno a due nuove scienze" ("Discourses and Mathematical Demonstrations Relating to Two New Sciences"), Leiden, Louis Elsevier (1638). [Mechanics, kinematics, theory of inertia] 4. I. Newton, "Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica" ("Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy") (1687). [Laws of motion] 5. J.C. Maxwell, "A Dynamical Theory of the Electromagnetic Field", Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London 155, 459-512 (1865). Cfr. "Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism", Dover Publications (1954) [Theory of electromagnetism]. For fundamental scientific works in 20th century, see http://strangepaths.com/resources/fundamental-papers/en/

An actual photo of an eclipse was taken from the moon, by the Surveyor 3 mission in 1967. I made an artificial color version of it, showing the red color refracted from Earth atmosphere (coming from all simultaneous sunrises and sunsets) at http://strangepaths.com/total-lunar-eclipse/2007/0 2/27/en/ (click on "Eclipse seen from the moon" to open the image).