it's bluster. the suits out front make enormous amounts of noise based on what is 99% chaotic fantasy about their goals and resources, so in 99% of cases, they end up in the same place: junk. for example, one of my littile hobbies is to check every few years on the IRS efforts at building a system. the IRS has worked for THIRTY years to get a system that fits what they imagine to be their needs, and what they have is still junk. Another example. I worked two years for the feds doing software at a scientific station run by the forest service. after i had been there a couple of months while my department "checked me out" having me do silly work, they got to trust me and confessed that for all five years of the project's existence, the ninnies had never been able to get the time stamps in their data files right and asked me to fix the problem. after looking at some of their code for about ten minutes, i found that the ninnies were using Perl and were coding time handlers from the little bit of Perl which they more or less understood. they had no idea that time functions were built into the language. and absolutely no idea that CPAN existed for what you can't do with the language builtins. the reason for this incompetence is lack of courage. people are so afraid of doing the wrong thing and having, i guess, the boogeyman come and eat them, that they can't focus on their work. cowardice and then bluster to cover up the cowardice. increasingly, these are the kind of technicians that the fed is stuck with. it's true folks: the emperor does not have stitch one on his butt.