The Register article has a bit more information. This isn't really a vulnerability. It's definitely not "remote code execution". It works like this:
- Microsoft provides a tool called AppLocker that can be used to limit the programs that can be run on a system.
- The AppLocker tool is not intended as a tight "security boundary". Instead, it is a way to implement company policies like "no playing games at work", or to help with software licensing, i.e. "the company system image has a copy of Photoshop, but you aren't in the Design department, so you aren't licensed to run it", and perhaps to reduce attack surface area.
- The Microsoft-provided sample AppLocker configuration (intended to show the syntax for AppLocker rules) happens to have a sample rule that whitelists all programs under C:\windows. This is not a "recommended" rule -- it's a "sample" rule.
- If you leave this rule in, there are a large number of ways to escape the sandbox.
- A researcher found another one. Yay, I guess?
The new one is interesting because I wouldn't have considered regsvr32 to be a command that allows for running of arbitrary other commands. On the other hand, it shouldn't belong in a production whitelist in the first place, so being able to use it to escape the sandbox isn't particularly interesting.
Biology grows on you.