Unfortunately, this day and age you can find a scientist willing to write anything about 'anything', positive and negative...

Unfortunately again, most studies restrict the tests so much (in order to see and identify results) that in most cases the very process of trying to observe and isolate an action or reaction causes the test to fail....

That being said, having had the experience of having my mental faculties affected by intensive surgery. Causing a major issue with short term memory, I can certainly vouch for the efficacy of Ginko and so can my wife as I usually become quickly identified by her if I have not taken my Ginko for the day.

Lastly, like everything else, not all Ginko is the same. Over the last 15 years I've tried quite a few brands and some work very well, and others not at all. For the most part one gets what one pays for... so had they cut corners and used a low end product, that by itself would have dramatically affected the outcome.

The real funny/sad thing is, that scientists are only just now starting to move from the chemical to the energy phase of how things interact. They unfortunately think of themselves as omnipotent in their studies, but are also quickly becoming dinosaurs.... eventually we may have people who can evaluate the whole picture, but I don't think they are quite there yet.... hence these all encompassing statements of "It doesn't work" by our scientific community, on all sorts of subjects....

I've found that it really depends on the platform. And while I'm NOT trying to start an OS war or start any no it's not, yes it is streams, I've found and noticed that *nix takes a lot fewer resources than Windows of any flavour. Before I retired I was a *nix admin and a supervisor of a team of sysadmins, during our heyday we supported hundreds of servers and a thousand workstations with just 6 guys - 24/7. The problem was that we did too good a job and actually started losing resources because Sr. Management didn't see a problem AND since we couldn't show any "new deliverables" the resources got consistently cut. It lead me to coin the phrase "Success breads failure". I don't know if anyone else came up with that phrase, but based on my 35 years of experiences I found it to be consistently true.... Success does bread failure. As a manager of a SysAdmin team my main job was selling the team's reason to exist to upper management. With *nix everything is much easier to manage, the tools have been developed over decades now and they work like a charm. Updating a thousand workstations was a simple task, done by one person and done without impact on the user. When I left Senior Management had forced us to start moving over to Windows. The manpower required to support it (compared to my previous experiences) was horrendous. They were still on a learning curve and weren't sure how to remotely or automatically update anything - causing horrific delays for users - I myself had to wait 3 days of complete down time while I waited for someone to come and fix what should have been a simple problem, but one which I wasn't allowed to touch because I was from the *nix shop..... ah politics. I'm sure (hoping?) that they have gotten their act together since. The big thing here is selling your 'raison d'etre' to senior managers, no matter what platform you have. Once things have become stabilized and your work proceeds behind the scenes and everyone is happy, Sr. Management inevitably starts thinking of your efforts as an ongoing cost versus a benefit. So be aware....