I believe they harm the market by undermining the very rights that make the market possible. People must be free to succeed or fail by their own actions. Any company that would attempt to artificially inflate prices would see their previous customers no longer buy their product, and move on to another product.
I'd suggest you learn your economic theory from something other than an Ayn Rand book: the free market would only function the way you think it does if everyone had equal access to all natural resources and intellectual properties. In reality, monopolies form (not in and of itself illegal) and then abuse their position as a monopoly to manipulate the market in other ways (which is illegal) You are right that monopolies in themselves are not inherently wrong. No one believes they are. It's when they leverage their position as a monopoly to do bad things. Go read up on deadweight loss, predatory pricing, price discrimination, exclusive dealing, and price gouging and learn why anti-trust laws exist, for your own good, please.
Um, studies, the creators of correlation, are a hugely important part of science. They can't show causation like experiments, but they can still be used to make predictions, just like theories resulting from experiments. Climate science is just as much a science as psychology, sociology, biology, and astronomy. (I'd like to see you do an experiment to figure out planetary motion)
Birds have notoriously poor senses of smell, and this takes place in a lab where the smell of plastic would probably be overwhelming to that ability anyway.
Could you read the article, please, instead of automatically assuming the researchers are dumbasses who don't know how to formulate an experiment?
Communism is a term that describes communities organized by communal social structures, while a socialist society is simply a society characterized by equality for all individuals with fair or egalitarian methods of compensation. Socialism is an incredibly broad term referring to an entire field of social and economic beliefs and theories. Fascism is an ideology whose believers seek to create a single-party government through authoritarian means, for their own purposes.
This is how people in the world understand these words. A country could be communist but not socialist or authoritarian, or socialist but not fascist or communist (France), or fascist and authoritarian but not socialist or communist (Britain is headed here). These terms refer to directions like north, south, east, and west, and can not 'fail'. They are used to describe. That's the purpose of adjectives. To say that they're all failures is simply stupid: Socialism is going strong world around and communism is cropping up in the form of communes and co-ops around the world. Whether this is a bad or a good thing is up to the reader.
But whatever, I'm going to go get my soy half-caf. (I didn't go to college for five years, thanks)
An optimist believes we live in the best world possible; a pessimist fears this is true.