parallel languages (Score 1)

Just to add, there are languages designed specifically to exploit parallel architectures, effective in both shared-memory and non-shared-memory environments. Bit of a plug, but see KRoC (the Kent Retargetable occam-pi Compiler). And google for CSP (Tony Hoare, Bill Roscoe) for the formal semantics that make such parallel systems "safe" (and understandable/composable).