And God made two great lights; the greater light to rule the day, and the lesser light to rule the night: he made the stars also. And God set them in the firmament of the heaven to give light upon the earth, And to rule over the day and over the night, and to divide the light from the darkness: and God saw that it was good. And the evening and the morning were the fourth day

Jesus was not endorsing taxes. All the money was owned by caesar. Jesus was saying if the owner asks for his property back, give it to him. The pharisees were trying to make Jesus publicly encourage people to break the law, to have him arrested. Which is completely different from how taxes in the US operate. In the US your wages are your property. The US Constitution says your property cannot be taxed. All property taxes, including "income taxes" operate in spite of our Constitution, as most of our laws today do.

Just goes to show you that there is nothing new under the sun.