ArXiv is support by donations. While anyone can submit, there is a moderation process. It's more about having an archival resource independent of the peer-reviewed journals.

I worked in industry right out of grad school and have both patents and products to show from that time. The industry scientists and gov't research scientists I've worked with are indistinguishable in terms of skill, dedication, and productivity.

While industry is undoubtably more efficient at making widgets, in the mid 1980's industry essentially abandonded all basic research. At this point, only academia (whose main job is really training more PhDs) and goverment labs are the only places doing basic research. It's worth debating how much to spend on basic research, but without some, all development will ultimately stop.

The fact that you think many gov't "scientists" are either making weapons, poisons, or stifling innovation tells me you know very little about what actually goes on.

Retired fed here. There are many world class research institutions within the US Federal governent. I know of five physics Nobels in my former organization during the time I was there. I suspect the record is even better in medicine/heath/biology. Although I was just an engineer building intruments you couldn't buy commercially, my 200+ publications with 40,000+ citations show that it's not all bureaucracy.

is something like 18-24 months. After that they'll be laying off and closing fabs. How many times has this happened?

I looked at this x-ray source. It's spectrally broad hard x-rays (8keV). Since x-ray mirrors (which suck worse that EUV mirrors) require spectrally narrow beams it would be very difficult to build any sort of projection lithography system with this. While Spectrum has no details I bet they are using a linac to make spectrally narrow soft x-ray beams (500ev or so). Making reticles and photoresists compatible with hard x-rays would require significant development.

Sorry nope. Both EUV and DUV are pulsed in ASML tools. The EUV source actually fires two separate CO2 laser pulses at a tin droplet. The first vaporizes the Sn to make a plasma, the second generates the EUV light by exciting the plasma. The only continuous light source ASML sells is the i-line (365 nm) UV source used for large features in the final device layers.

Heck, throw in special relativity and then you can fly faster than the speed of light.

The laws of thermodynamics? I could see how those might be inconventient too.

Is the NSF really necessary? There might be a better way to organize science, but for the past 50 years or so virtually every US PhD granted in the hard sciences or advanced engineering has been funded using grants from NSF, DOE, ARPA, DARPA, NIH and other federal sources. Without this federal funding (or some stable and well planned replacement) there will be no new scientists.

I bought a much earlier model from this line in 2012. At the time no one came close to them in terms of weight and battery life. It was a great travel machine for a bunch of years. Since it had an HDMI port, I'm not sure if I ever used the VGA port on that machine even back then.

Is it just me or does "Vendors are currently working tirelessly to discipline supply" mean they are working tirelessly at not working?

Everyone needs a hobby ...

This is The American Journal of Physics (formerly The American Physics Teacher) we're talking about. It's an undergraduate level journal with an impact factor of 0.8. Pretty harmless way to spend one's spare time.

Google is planning to collect the personal data of everyone in all those other universes too.

That's way too much /.!

there is fully open source replacement firmware available for these systems. I'v been running it on my d-link NAS since 2012.