If you have poor profusion in the place where you are measuring, it can definitely cause poor pulse-ox reading. When you are looking at a pulse-ox in a hospital setting, you can see something called the pleth wave that shows the stregnth of the pulse in the measures area. If you have a weak pleth, we know the O2 reading is off and we need to move it to another area.

Thats true in cpap (continuous positive airway pressure). In the hospital, we usually use BiPap (biphasic positive airway pressure). The pressure is significantly decreased during expiration, to the leak of exhaled air is pretty low.

Great question. When you intubate a patient, the tube that goes into the trachea has a balloon that inflates, which prevents air leak and creates a closed system. So the volume that the vent delivers is the volume that the lung gets. An individual taking a deep breath usually has a lung capacity of about 12ml/kg of ideal body weight. Prior to year 2000, that was the typical goal of adults on a vent. The vent does measure both volume and required pressure and getting to that volume took a peak pressure of about 50mmHg. In 2000 the ARDSNet trial showed that using much smaller volumes (about 6ml/kg) allowed for lower pressures (around 25 mmHG) and caused much less lung damage. To make up for the lower respiratory volumes, the respiratory rate in increased so that the total volume/min stays the same. Bi-pap, by comparison, is much less precise. There is a lot of leak around the mask, a lot of the volume you are delivering goes into the “dead-space” of the mouth and nasopharynx, and the delivery pressure at the mouth is often very different from what the lung sees. That being said, most of the time we try to use bi-pap first, since intubation required deep sedation, and can lead to a lot of other complications

Initially, we were being told to intubate early and avoid non-invasive ventilation like CPAP and BIPAP because it increased aerosolization of the virus, and because the volume of air pushed into the lung could be more precisely controlled, attempting to prevent lung damage. By late March, many of us in the EM community were pushing back on guidance asking us to intubate hypoxic but otherwise healthy looking patients. In the interim, folks figured out ways to rig a viral filter on to the outflow of a bibap mask, decreasing the hospitals concerns about letting us use non-invasive.

Probably won't get noticed 150+ comments deep, but...

Perhaps the default configuration for the pedals should be a failsafe mode where the car is always "under control". When you slam the brake, you trend toward 0 MPH. If you slam on the gas, maybe the pedal interprets 100% as 0%, and applies no throttle. If you're accelerating, you should always have control of the accelerator. Flooring it isn't going to give you much more than 95% throttle would, and you could have a tactile bump at the end of the accelerator play that is easy sensed when you feather your foot, but also easily bypassed if you slam the pedal.

Basically, allow people to still gun it, just not outright "drag racing", and prevent unintended acceleration.

That's an interesting data point. My interview(s!) were actually much more detailed and involved. I think I spent about 20 minutes with the agent in Canada, not to mention around 40 minutes combined with both US and Canadian border personnel doing a more cursory interview and an explanation about how the system worked from a functional standpoint (IE - How to use Nexus when I cross in a boat, with multiple travelers, etc). The main interview in Canada was largely focused on making sure I wasn't violating business visa limitations but I'm sure a 10+ minute interview is probably enough to also identify the presence of someone being disingenuous about the purpose of the program enrollment.

Might be the difference between strictly Global Entry and NEXUS (which includes Global Entry by default).

Yeah, I'm not an electrical guy, I should've just said "two prong", heh.

The AC cable for the Surface Pro series is two pieces like most laptop cables. There's a simple AC cable without ground that goes from the wall to the transformer block, and then the transformer has a fixed DC wire that goes to the tablet itself.

This recall *only* affected the AC cable, and that cable was already pretty short (like two feet tops). The bulk of the cable length comes from the DC cable itself, and that did not shorten (because it wasn't replaced). Don't get me wrong, the DC cable has issues and needs a reinforced boot, but we're talking of a total cable length loss of maybe six inches.

Because seriously.

Slashdot ownership overwhelmingly rejects having article summaries proofread.

"Texa"...Give me a break.

I was always convinced that the polygraph episode was just a propaganda piece, and that the producers were basically pitched the episode as a hook to keep the support of law enforcement with the show (so that they could blow up more stuff and have access to detonation ranges, etc).

"Shifu" isn't the Japanese word for "thief", it's just the romanized word "thief". It's about as intelligent as saying that the Japanese word for "basketball" is "basukettobooru."

IBM's X-Force either thinks they're being funny or clever, and it's really neither.

If I were Boeing I would not be surprised if passengers start asking for planes to be sold to another airline.

So, two things.

If you're in the northern midwest of the US, you're not at the same latitude as Moscow. Moscow is 55 deg north, the continental 48 stop at the 49th parallel. So, unless you're talking about Ketchikan, which is decidedly not "midwest", then you need to adjust your memories a bit.

Second, as you should well be aware, latitude alone does not define how cold a place gets. In fact, southern Alaska and the Cascades region in general is generally more temperate than New England. Jet stream, currents, regional topography, all that stuff makes a difference. Going to guess based on your commentary that you're in the Montana/ND area, so comparing Helena with Moscow puts them on about par, with a full nine degrees difference in latitude.