These are very nice puff pieces claiming a lot of good intentions, but how does it work?
I can already create a calendar app -- or download one -- and control all my information by running it on my own web server. That is more hassle than I want.
Ah, but you are pinpointing it right there! It is more hassle than you want, why? If we could fix that problem, so that it wouldn't be more hassle to have it on your own webserver, then what would you do? And that's like iteration 1 of Solid, we're separating those apps from the data, so that you can have your data on your webserver, but you can use any calendar app you want. That way, companies will be competing to create the best apps, not to suck your data out of you. So, Solid is about making the infrastructure and the ecosystem to make sure that all those things aren't a hassle, they will be your preferred way to do it.
How does this new thing let me trust my data to code written by other people, that I probably never see, running on servers I don't control?
Right, good question, because that is the essence. But first of all, they are not running on a server you don't control, they are running on your client. So, Solid is doing a massive shift on where the intelligence will be. It will be mostly on the client. The server side will be pretty simple.
But the rest of the question is still interesting. It is a fairly long and intricate answer, but some of the short story here:
So, in the way it is working in browsers now, is the simple CORS restrictions. It is pretty broken, but it is what we have. So, we're making some hacks to identify web apps. And then, you can assign privileges to them. Since they are running on your device, the security of your browser applies to them.
Still, it doesn't mean that you can necessarily trust them, of course, but then, this is a social technology, so we could establish a Web of Trust around that. We're thinking a lot about that.
How will Berners-Lee's new company make enough money to pay employees and satisfy its venture-capital backers?
So, we don't know that yet. There are a few no-brainer business models of course, but we don't expect them to last long. But we have some really good people on the team, we'll figure it out.