In a way, yes. All galaxies beyond a few billion light years away (I don't recall the exact distance), which is most of the visible galaxies, are now and always have been receding at faster than the speed of light.
How? Well, the speed of light limitation gets a bit more complicated in curved space-time. Once you have to take curvature into account, which is necessary at large distances, the speed of light rule gets weird. The real rule only works at the same time and place: nothing can outrun a light beam. There is no notion of a speed-of-light limitation for far-away things because the concept of relative speed becomes very fuzzy in curved space-time.
Think, for example, of two cars traveling somewhere on Earth at the exact opposite ends of the Earth. Both are traveling North. If you simply looked at their three-dimensional velocity vectors and subtracted them, you'd conclude that their relative speed is zero: they both have the same velocity in the same direction. But if you think about the fact that the Earth is curved, the two cars are getting closer together relative to the Earth's surface. So if they're both moving at 25mph, then the shortest distance between them across the Earth's surface is dropping at 50 miles per hour.
This is why space-time curvature causes no speed-of-light limitation for far-away things: there's no one way to define how fast one thing is moving relative to another. There are multiple ways. Same is true for distance. Are the two cars 7900 miles apart (the distance through the Earth) or 12,450 miles apart (the distance across the Earth's surface)?
So whenever you hear a distance to a far-away star (27.6 billion light years here), you have to understand that there were some arbitrary choices made on deciding what we even mean by "distance". Astrophysicists have something like five different commonly-used definitions of distance, all with different definitions and all which will give different values for "distance". They all will give the same answer for things that are close-by, mind. But the answers get very, very different when things are far away. Because curvature.
So, curvature is weird and distance and velocity are complex, but what does the 28 billion light year number actually mean then? Basically it means that the light was emitted from roughly 3.8 billion light years away. But the universe has expanded by a factor of roughly 7.2 since then, so the current distance is 7.2 * 3.8 billion = 28 billion light years away (roughly).
They get all of these numbers from the star's redshift. From other data sources we know how fast the universe has expanded over time, so we can calculate how far away things are (given a definition of what we mean by "how far").