First of all, if this guy went off to fight in a war because of a single book then he was a fool and fucked up to begin with, it had nothing to do with the war or the military conditioning program.
I think you need to re-read the book, the whole idea was that if you wanted to prove that you were good enough to vote you had to put the needs of society as a whole ahead of your own personal needs. In the "Starship Trooper" universe, you could just as easily jump into a research position rather the front-line fighting. In fact, I believe you don't have to be a grunt in this universe either if you don't want to be.
Also, I know there is some fucked up shit happening in our society today and this system could not possibly work at this point. Although, I do believe it's the fact that a lot of people really don't care enough about anything other than themselves or their close family and friends that they can't\refuse to see the big picture. If you know of a better system to filter out all of this selfish greed that runs rampant in our society today I'm all ears but when I first read this book (many years ago) I thought it was one of the best ideas I've ever heard and I still think so today. It still hasn't convinced me to join the military though!
Pound for pound, the amoeba is the most vicious animal on earth.