"the US ... had WW2. In Europe people hid from the guns and tried not to fight the germans... Where does say the U.K. fit in that list?" I can't allow that to stand. Far from "hiding", the UK entered WW2 well before the US, and sacrificed a significantly larger proportion of its population to fighting the Nazis than the US did - 384K UK military personnel died, 417K US. Full stats here... http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_War_II_casualties#Human_losses_by_country Of course the Soviet Union made the greatest sacrifice, by far, in terms of sheer numbers of deaths.

Google "Hawking Radiation". (Thermal radiation thought to be emitted by black holes due to quantum effects - named after British physicist Stephen Hawking, who provided the theoretical argument for its existence in 1974.)